The anode slime comes from the process of scrap copper electrolysis which contains high content of copper, stannum and some other metals, such as lead, antimony and precious metals. The result of particle size distribution showed that copper exist in large particle-size parts more than in small ones, while most of stannum concentrate in small particle ones. XRD and MLA were employed to characterize the anode slime. Copper is occurrence in copper sulfide, while stannum is in stannic oxide. Selective leaching by using hydrochloric acid has been conducted based on initial analysis. 97.86% of antimony, 96.24% of stannum and 93.68% of lead were leached. 82.5% of copper remained in the residue. Copper can be separated with antimony, Stannum and lead effectively.
The copper extraction yield from thermophilic bioleaching of chalcopyrite depends on temperature, pH, and the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), the activity of the thermophile used, as well as on the different genetic type of the chalcopyrite used. The bioleaching characteristics of chalcopyrite from marine volcanic type and porphyry type, and the influence of genetic type on microbial community were studied. The results indicated that the bioleaching of chalcopyrite is controlled by the ORP rather than by the pH. The thermophiles composition of marine volcanic type bioleaching wasMetallosphaeracuprinaandSulfobus spHB59.Metallosphaeracuprinawas the dominate bacteria during porphyry chalcopyrite bioleaching. The different leachability between marine volcanic type and porphyry type is attributed to their nature which caused by genetic type.
Effect of microorganisms and nickel sulfide ore before and after bioleaching on the emulsification was investigated. The emulsion stability was evaluated by the disengagement time or the production rate of crud. The results indicate that no crud formed and the disengagement time of system was prolonged with increasing bacteria density. And a large number of bacteria dispersed at the water-oil interface and aqueous phase and rarely existed in organic phase. The influence of bacteria on the emulsion stability was attributed to the structural characteristics and the mass transfer viscosity. And the emulsion with nickel sulfide ore after bioleaching was more stable, characterized as higher production rate of crud and lower light transmittance of aqueous phase, because bacteria alter the surface properties of minerals and increase particles’ hydrophilicity.
Simulated leaching solution of tin anode slime was prepared as electrolyte to investigate the performance of cyclone electrowinning on extraction of tin from solution in this work. The results showed that Sn(II) could be extracted as sponge tin with cyclone electrowinning. Sn(IV) could be extracted as tin plate. As the concentration of tin chloride solution was lower, the current efficiency was lower and the quality of electrolytic product was poorer. On the condition of Sn(IV) concentration of 50 g/L, operation time of 2h , flow flux of 200 L/h and current density of 400 A/m 2 , the current efficiency was more than 90% and the electrolytic product was of high purity which contains 99.5% tin. Cyclone electrowinning was proved to be an effective way to extract Tin from simulated leaching solution.
The copper extraction yield from chemical leaching of chalcopyrite depends on temperature, pH, and the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), as well as on the different genetic type of the chalcopyrite used. The chemical leaching characteristics of chalcopyrite from marine volcanic type and porphyry type were studied. It was found that the intermediates of marine volcanic chalcopyrite and porphyry chalcopyrite elucidated from the MLA were elemental sulphur and non-stoichiometric minerals, such as Cu3.5Fe4S2.5, Cu5Fe4S and Cu3.5Fe1.5S5. The results suggested that the main difference between marine volcanic chalcopyrite and porphyry chalcopyrite is the rates of copper and iron ions dissolution from chalcopyrite crystal lattice.
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