Branchial cleft anomalies are congenital, arising from the first to the fourth pharyngeal clefts. The most common is a second arch anomaly. As it is congenital, it presents at birth though may become symptomatic later. The spectrum of anomalies includes sinus, cyst, or fistula formation or a combination of these. Here we present a case series based on first cleft anomalies. The principles of management include early diagnosis, excision of any fistulous tract, and prevention of injury to the facial nerve.
<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> It has been defined as a permanent abnormality of pars tensa or flaccida, as a result of acute otitis media, negative middle ear pressure or otitis media with effusion. It manifests clinically as ear discharge and decreased hearing and may lead to numerous changes in the tympanic membrane, middle ear cleft, and mastoid air cell system. It has been classified into two types: mucosal and squamosal types. Chronic otitis media (COM) is a very common condition in developing countries in both adult and paediatric age groups. This study has been conducted to determine the outcome and graft uptake of tragal perichondrium in type 1 tympanoplasty.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The prospective analytical study was conducted department of otorhinolaryngology, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India over a period of 12months from 01 January 2019 to 31 December 2019. 30 patients according to inclusion criterion underwent tympanolpasty using tragal perichondrium were included in study. The data obtained was analyzed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS), version 21.0. P value less than 0.05 was taken as statically significant. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Preoperative mean hearing loss was 38.45±7.01 dB, mean air bone gap was 20.20±3.75 dB, and postoperative air bone gap was reduced to an average of 10.86±3.82 dB. 8.51 dB of hearing gain was achieved and an air bone gap réduction of 8.51 dB was observed.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Our study concluded tragal perichondrium is a suitable graft material is n mucosal type of COM.</p>
Tuberculosis is one of the most common causes for cervical lymphadenopathy apart from distant metastasis and lymphoma. Early diagnosis of this disease reduces the patient’s morbidity by initiating early course of Antitubercular treatment with complete resolution of disease. Hence, for diagnosis of this condition we are searching for a modality which can give results in shorter period of time, which is more sensitive, specific and most important easier to perform. Gene Xpert is one such modality which fits into these criteria. In our case series, we are aiming to study the role of Gene Xpert in diagnosis of rifampicin resistant tuberculosis in patients with cervical lymphadenopathy. In our study, excisional biopsy from cervical region was done in 30 cases and were sent for acid fast bacilli culture, Ziehl Neelsen staining and GeneXpert studies, histopathological examination and results were analyzed.
<p class="abstract">Thyroglossal duct cysts are the most common cause of congenital neck swelling that may present at any age. Classically, it presents as an anterior midline neck swelling that moves with protrusion of the tongue. The usual treatment of choice is Sistrunk operation. It can have atypical presentation requiring a thorough preoperative assessment before intervention. Here we discussed a case of atypical presentation of thyroglossal duct cyst in a 4 year old child.</p>
<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Tympanoplasty is one of the common surgical procedure performed in CSOM (TTD), this study was undertaken to determine the outcome of tympanoplasty at a tertiary care teaching hospital.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This analytical observational study was conducted in the department of E.N.T, School of Medical Sciences and Research, from January 2017 to December 2018. Informed consent was taken to participate in the study pure tone audiometry (PTA) was performed before surgery and post-operatively six months. Air-bone gap (ABG) was calculated in pre- and postoperative PTA. The data were analyzed using SPSS (version 20). The p value ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Over a peroid of 2 years 168 patients underwent type 1 tympanoplasty 86 were male 21 (51.19%), female 82 (48.80%), age (range 15–53 years). Mean pre-operative air-conduction of 43.12 dB was significantly reduced to 16.12 dB with p value of <0.05. Similarly the pre-operative mean air bone gap on PTA of 35.63±6.35 dB was also reduced to statistically significant level of 7.41±3.51 dB on post-operative PTA with p value of <0.05. Graft was taken up well in 152 cases (90.2%).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> According to our study surgical outcome of tympanoplasty is fairly good and should be done if patient gives consent.</p>
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