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: Image pre-processing is an important and challenging factor in the computer

A new recurring chromosome abnormality was identified in 8 of 621 consecutive successfully karyotyped adults with de novo acute leukemia. These eight patients had trisomy 13 as the sole cytogenetic abnormality. On central morphologic review, five cases were classified as subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia, one as acute mixed lymphoid and myeloid leukemia, one as acute lymphoid leukemia, and one as acute undifferentiated leukemia. Blasts of all eight cases expressed one or more myeloid differentiation antigens. Three also expressed T-lineage- associated antigens; however, none of these had rearrangement of the T- cell receptor beta, gamma, or delta genes. Four of six cases tested were TdT positive. All eight patients with trisomy 13 were treated with intensive induction chemotherapy; only three entered a short-lived complete remission. Survival of patients with trisomy 13 ranged from 0.5 to 14.7 months, and was significantly shorter than that of the remaining patients (median 9.5 v 16.2 months, P = .007). We conclude that trisomy 13 is a rare, recurring clonal chromosome abnormality in acute leukemia associated with a poor prognosis. Malignant transformation of an immature hematopoietic precursor cell is suggested by the expression of antigens characteristic of both the myeloid and lymphoid lineage, the high incidence of TdT positivity, and the morphologic heterogeneity in these leukemias.

IoT-based multi-biometric system is a blend of multiple biometric templates that can be used for user authentication/verification using sensors. The leakage of the biometric trait information may cause critical privacy and security issues. It is expected to protect the privacy details of individuals through the irreversibility, unlinkability, and renewability of multi-biometric templates used in the authentication system. This study presents a robust authentication system with secure multi-biometric template protection techniques based on discrete cosine transform feature transformation and Lagrange’s interpolation-based image transformation. Three biometric traits namely iris, fingerprint, and palm print are recorded using sensors to validate the proposed multi-biometric template protection system. The fusion of all traits used is giving an average of 95.42% genuine acceptance rate and an average of 4.57% false rejection rate. Despite any number of biometric templates used for authentication, the proposed image transformation techniques keep the size of the final storage requirement as 8 X 8, which achieves constant space complexity (O(1)). The stored template is not linked with original templates; it is irreversible and renewable as new enrolment of the same individual will produce a new template every time. Overall, the proposed technique provides a secure authentication system with high accuracy, a constant size database, and the privacy preservation of biometric traits.

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