This study investigated the effect of prolonged continuous smartphone gaming on upper body postures and fatigue of the neck muscles in school students. Forty-four students aged between 10 and 18 years were enrolled in this study. All participants were instructed to play an online smartphone game continuously for 20 minutes in a sitting position during dynamic postural analysis. Simultaneously, a wireless surface electromyography (EMG) system was used to collect data from the cervical erector spinae (CES) and upper trapezius (UT) on both sides. The median frequency was considered as an index for muscle fatigue. An inertial measurement unit (IMU) was applied to examine upper body postures kinematics data. The Numeric Rating Scale (NRS-11) was also used to assess selfreported pain intensity in the posterior neck region at pre-and post-game playing. Angles of neck, trunk, left shoulder, and bilateral elbow flexion significantly increased at 10 and 20 minutes (p < 0.05) compared to those at the baseline. Bilateral CES is presented with significantly increased degree of fatigue at

Study aim: There are currently limited methods available to access dynamic knee range of motion (ROM) during free-living activities. This type of method would be valuable for monitoring and progressing knee rehabilitation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the functioning of stretch sensors for the measurement of knee ROM and to assess the level of the measurement error. Material and methods: Nine healthy participants were included in the study. Three stretch sensors (StretchSense™, Auckland, NZ) were attached on the participants’ right knees by Kinesiotape®. A Cybex dynamometer was used to standardise movement speed of the knee joint. Data was recorded through the StretchSense™ BLE application. Knee angles were obtained from the video clips recorded during the testing and were analysed by MaxTraq® 2D motion analysis software. The knee angles were then synchronised with the sensor capacitance through R programme. Results: Seven out of the nine participants presented with high coefficient of determination (R2) (>0.98) and low root mean square error (RMSE) (<5°) between the sensor capacitance and knee angle. Two participants did not confirm good relationship between capacitance and knee angle as they presented high RMSE (>5°). The equations generated from these 7 participants’ data were used individually to predict knee angles. Conclusions: The stretch sensors can be used to measure knee ROM in healthy adults during a passive, non-weight-bearing movement with a clinically acceptable level of error. Further research is needed to establish the validity and reliability of the methodology under different conditions before considered within a clinical setting.

Document VersionAuthor's Accepted Manuscript 1 Return to running following knee osteochondral repair using an anti-gravity treadmill: A case report. 2 ABSTRACTBackground: The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of an anti-gravity