Background: Canine distemper (CDV) is a highly transmissible serious disease of carnivores. Distemper virus has immunosuppression effects which, in turn, causes opportunistic infections. Objectives: The present study was performed to detect CDV by the genomic and immunological methods and investigate its co-infection with Candida albicans. Methods: In this study, from spring of 2018 to winter of 2019, blood, eye, respiratory and digestive system samples were collected from 50 CDV suspected dogs and 50 seemingly healthy dogs. Rapid distemper immunochromatography kit was applied for the primary detection of CDV. RT-PCR and PCR tests were performed using special primers for molecular investigation. Results: Using immunochromatography, twenty-nine cases and one case had positive results for CDV among dogs suspected of having the disease and seemingly healthy dogs, respectively. After RT-PCR and PCR assays, 37 samples were CDV-positive, and four were C. albicans-positive in the first group. While three CDV and one C. albicans-positive samples were found in the second group. In total, the frequency of co-infection was 4%. Conclusions: In the present study, there was an association between distemper and C. albicans using statistical tests. Conducting such studies in an appropriate sample population gives more accurate results.
Background: Escherichia coli is an important pathogen and microorganism of the normal intestinal flora of humans and animals. One of the important serotypes of E. coli is O157: H7. Because of the excessive and arbitrary use of antibiotics, multiple drug resistance has increased against these organisms. The main problem in treating infections caused by E. coli is its dependence on the administration of a large number of common antibiotics and the resistance of some strains to antibiotics. Phage therapy refers to the therapeutic use of phages to eliminate bacterial infections. In the first step, it is necessary to separate and identify bacteriophages that affect the target bacteria. Therefore, the present study was performed to isolate the phage that was effective on enterohemorrhagic E. coli isolates. Materials & Methods:In this study, after collection of sewage samples, bacteriophages were isolated by filtration and enrichment in an enterohemorrhagic E. coli overnight culture. The presence of bacteriophage was detected by plaque observation in a double layer agar and confirmed by TEM electron microscopy. Results and Conclusion:The results of the observation with electron microscopy revealed the presence of bacteriophage with the appearance of the Cystoviridae, Myoviridae and Podoviridae families. Unfortunately, although the titration of phages and molecular study were not performed in the current study due to the lack of budget, we found antibacterial activity of isolated phages using plaque formation observation, and the presence of phages belonging to Cystoviridae, Myoviridae and Podoviridae families was confirmed by TEM microscopy. Therefore, the effective phage against O157: H7 was successfully identified, isolated, and purified.
Background and Aim:The endophytes are the fungi or bacteria that live within a plant in a symbiotic relationship. This study aimed to investigate the effect of isolated bacterial endophytes from Allium jesdianum on some bacterial pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli as well as pathogenic fungi, including Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Candida albicans.Materials and Methods: Various parts of A. jesdianum including leaves, stems, onions and flowers were randomly collected, cleaned from any contamination and then cultured in a suitable culture medium. The endophyte colonies were purified using chloroform to analyze the anti-pathogenic properties of the structural agents of the bacterial endophyte. To evaluate the anti-pathogenicity of endophyte metabolites, the broth media of the endophyte bacteria was centrifuged and the supernatants were filtered through sterilization. Antibiogram test was performed by disk diffusion method (Kirby Bauer) and the sensitivity was compared. Data were statistically analyzed by t-test and ANOVA.Results: Eleven bacterial endophytes were obtained from various sections of A. jesdianum. The endophyte bacterium has an improved antimicrobial effect on T. mentagrophytes. Unlike E. coli, secretory metabolites of endophytic bacteria had an antimicrobial effect on S .aureus and C. albicans. Conclusion:It can be concluded that the bacterial endophytes of A. jesdianum can be considered to be potential and beneficial agents against human pathogens. A. jesdianum with anti-pathogenic activity could be a source to produce important anti-pathogenic compounds from an agricultural and pharmaceutical point of view.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.