Introduction: Aluminum phosphide (ALP) poisoning is one of the deadliest types of poisoning in the world. The antioxidant properties of melatonin and N-acetylcysteine and their effects on reducing cell death have been identified. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of N-acetylcysteine and melatonin in the treatment of aluminum phosphide poisoning in rats. Materials and Methods: Fifty male Wistar rats weighing 200–250 g were tested in five groups of ten. The first group was the control group; the second group received (10 mg/kg) of ALP, the third group received (10 mg/kg) of ALP and (10 mg/kg) of melatonin, the fourth group received (10 mg/kg) of ALP and (10 mg/kg) of N-acetylcysteine, and the last group received (10 mg/kg) of ALP and (10 mg/kg) of melatonin and N-acetylcysteine. The plasma of samples was isolated, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes (glutathione S-transferase (GST), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT)) was analyzed. Results: The concentrations of CAT, GST, Glutathione, GSH were decreased in plasma, liver, and kidneys of mice treated with aluminum phosphide; also, the concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), ALT, and AlK were increased ( P < 0.05), while the activity of SOD did not change significantly ( P > 0.05). Treatment with N-acetylcysteine and melatonin led to an increase in the activity of CAT, GST, and GSH in plasma, liver, and kidney. After the administration of N-acetylcysteine and melatonin to mice, the levels of all enzymes were close to normal, and the mice survived for 12–15 hours after administration. Discussion: The administration of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and melatonin at a dose of 10 mg/kg improves hepatic manifestations and prevents liver necrosis; also, they are considered potential therapeutic agents in the treatment of this poisoning.
Aluminum Phosphide (ALP) is one of the most dangerous pesticides. When it comes into contact with water, it emits Phosphine (PH3) gas, which causes poisoning and death in many people. The purpose of this study is to look into the role of N-acetylcysteine in the treatment of aluminum phosphide toxicity in rats. In this study, 30 male Wistar rats were fed with aluminum phosphide orally. After 15 minutes, N-acetylcysteine was administered intraperitoneally. The antioxidant enzymes glutathione S-Transferase (GST), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alanine Transaminase (ALT), and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALK) were studied in blood plasma. CAT, GST, and GSH concentrations in plasma, liver, and kidneys of rats infected with aluminum phosphide decreased, while AST, ALT, and ALK concentrations increased. The levels of all enzymes studied approached normal after N-acetylcysteine administration, and the rats survived for up to 12-15 hours. According to the findings of this study, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) at a dose of 10 mg/kg improves hepatic manifestations and prevents liver necrosis, so it can be considered a potential therapeutic agent in the treatment of this poisoning.
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