Background: Cerebral palsy is a leading cause of disability among children, and most of these children depend on their care provider or parents all the time. Mothers of these children spend a great amount of time taking care of them, which could have adverse effects on their mental health. Objectives: The present study was conducted to investigate the impact of the continuous care model (CCM) on the mental health of mothers with children suffering from cerebral palsy. Methods: This randomized clinical trial was performed among 80 mothers of hospitalized children with cerebral palsy. Subjects were randomly divided into the two groups of intervention and control. In the intervention group, the CCM was administered to the mothers up to eight weeks after discharge, and for the control group, only routine nursing education was provided to the mothers at hospital discharge. Before and one and eight weeks after the intervention, in both groups, the mothers' mental health was assessed using the General Health Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 through descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The mean age of the mothers was 33.2 ± 2.1 years and 34.3 ± 2.2 years in the intervention and control groups, respectively. In the intervention group, the CCM had a positive effect on the mental health of mothers one and two months after discharge from hospital compared to before the intervention (P = 0.04, P = 0.02, respectively); however, in the control group, the mean score of mothers' mental health was decreased over time. No significant relationship was found between mental health and the demographic characteristics of the mothers (i.e., age, education, participation in any child caring programs, having anxiety, having any other children with cerebral palsy, and experiencing depression due to having a child with cerebral palsy) (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The CCM had a positive effect on the mental health of mothers of children with cerebral palsy. Thus, this intervention might be useful, but further studies are needed about the cost effectiveness of this intervention and its long-term impact on a larger sample.
studies conducted among emergency ward nurses in Iran. The studies were restricted to full-text, peer-reviewed studies published from inception to December 2019, in the Persian and English languages, that evaluated MEs among emergency ward nurses in Iran. RESULTS: Eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Most of the nurses (58.9%) had committed MEs only once. The overall mean rate of MEs was 46.2%, and errors made during drug administration accounted for 41.7% of MEs. The most common type of administration error was drug omission (17.8%), followed by administering drugs at the wrong time (17.5%) and at an incorrect dosage (10.6%). The lack of an adequate nursing workforce during shifts and improper nurse-patient ratios were the most critical factors affecting the occurrence of MEs by nurses. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the increased attention on patient safety in Iran, MEs by nurses remain a significant concern in EDs. Therefore, nurse managers and policy-makers must take adequate measures to reduce the incidence of MEs and their potential negative consequences.
Introduction Tonsillectomy is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures among children around the world and management of post tonsillectomy complications are very important. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of acupuncture on the amount of pain, nausea and vomiting after tonsillectomy in children. Methods In this study, two researchers searched individually for qualified articles on the effects of acupuncture on post-tonsillectomy pain, nausea and vomiting using PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Google scholar and Ovid databases by September 2018. Results After critically appraising the searched studies, 12 studies were selected and entered into a systematic review. Among the studies, various acupuncture methods were used. Conclusion This systematic review shows that acupuncture as a complementary method can prevent and reduce the severity of complications surrounding tonsillectomy.
Background: Triage nurses are the first people in the emergency department providing care to patients. Their knowledge is very important in efficient triage. According to the few studies on the factors affecting triage, the current study aimed at investigating the nurses and nursing students' knowledge about the triage of children. Objectives: Accordingly, the current study aimed at determining the level of knowledge of nursing students and nurses about pediatric triage and the impact of knowledge on the triage performance, in Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Methods: The current descriptive, cross sectional study was conducted on 88 nurses and 88 nursing students selected through a census sampling from a selected hospital. The data were collected over one month in 2017, by means of a researcher-made questionnaire that included: Demographic characteristics (age, gender, degree, etc.) and knowledge level of staff. The validity of the questionnaire was determined by content validity and its reliability was measured by a test-retest method. After transferring the data into SPSS, statistical analysis was performed by descriptive and inferential statistical tests such as the Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis. The level of significance was P < 0.05. Results: A total of 176 questionnaires were completed. A review of the responses given in the knowledge section revealed that 94.3% of the nurses and students were within the weak range. There was no significant relationship between demographic characteristics and triage knowledge in nurses and nursing students (P > 0.05). Conclusions: According to the current study results, knowledge of nurses and nursing students should be reinforced to better accomplish patient's triage. Since emergency nurses are among the most important staff in providing the prioritizing triage, therefore, nursing education programs should include triage courses that retain mastery in this scope.
Background: Management of Covid-19 patients is key to control the pandemic. In this line, access to chest Computed Tomography (CT) scan findings and investigating changes during initial diagnosis until recovery is of crucial importance. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the chest CT-scan findings of patients with a definitive diagnosis of Covid-19 in Guilan, Iran. Methods: In this retrospective study, 1000 patients with a definitive diagnosis of Covid-19, from 20 April to 30 July 2020, were enrolled. Their first and follow-up chest CT-scans were obtained. Total lung involvement was determined by the number of lobes involved and by scoring 0 to 5 for each lobe (5 lobes, lowest score: 0, and highest score: 25). Results: In this study, three CT-scans of all 1000 patients were studied. Patients were classified into 4 stages according to their hospitalization duration (ranging from 0 to 30 days): stage 1 or primary (0 to 7 days): ground-glass opacities (n = 178 or 89%), stage 2 or progressive (8 to 15 days): increased crazy-paving pattern (n = 89 or 44.5%), stage 3 or peak involvement (16 to 22 days): consolidation (n = 78 or 89%), and stage 4 or decreased pulmonary involvement severity (greater than 23 Day): the gradual resolution of consolidation (n = 178 or 89%). Conclusions: Chest CT-scan findings revealed that patients with Covid-19 had a high rate of pulmonary involvement, on average, for the first 15 days, which then declined.
Introduction Tonsillectomy is one of the most common pediatric surgeries in the world and pain control following tonsillectomy is very important. Objective The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of acupressure on the amount of pain following tonsillectomy in children. Method One hundred and forty-four children aged 5–12 years old were assigned into one of three groups: interventions, control and placebo. In the intervention group, acupressure was applied at three acupoints and in the placebo group, sham acupressure was applied. In the control group routine care only was applied. Results There was a significant difference between an average of changes in pain score before and after the intervention during the 3 time periods after the tonsillectomy operation in the acupressure group (p = 0.002). Conclusion The results showed that acupressure had a positive effect on pain reduction after tonsillectomy in children in the intervention group.
Background and objectives Tonsillectomy is one of the most commonly used pediatric surgeries with high stress levels for children and their parents. The present study was designed and implemented regarding the fact that limited studies have ever been carried out about the effects of complementary therapies such as acupressure on the preoperative anxiety levels in children throughout the world. Materials and methods Present study was a randomized clinical trial that was done in three groups with 144 children aged 5–12 years undergoing tonsillectomy. In present study, the children were allocated in three groups: intervention, control and sham. In the intervention group, the acupressure was applied on the Yintang point and in the sham group, was applied at a sham acupoint. No intervention was performed in the control group. Before and after intervention, the pediatric anxiety levels were measured using instruments. The results were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics such as the Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon tests, chi-square (χ2) and analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. The significance level was considered p < 0.05. Results The total anxiety score in children was (70.39 ± 20.93) in the control group, (67.83 ± 16.78) in the intervention group and (71.40 ± 21.82) in the sham group, not significant difference (p > 0.05). The different in the overall anxiety score among children before intervention compare to after intervention was as following: Control group (–3 ± 17.46), intervention group (8.42 ± 32.98) and sham group (–4.32 ± 24.47). Conclusion Like other surgical procedures, the tonsillectomy has serious stress for children. Our study demonstrates that the acupressure has a significant effect on the level of preoperative anxiety in children undergoing surgery. Therefore, nurses can use this technique to reduce the pediatric anxiety.
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