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Objectives:Gender differences in substance dependence across many domains including emotional dysregulation and deliberate self-harm (DSH) has not been studied widely. Tramadol dependence is the most one lacking empirical research and evidence regarding these differences; therefore, our aim is to detect gender differences in patients with tramadol dependence as regards emotional dysregulation and DSH. Materials and Methods:The study included 30 male and 30 female patients with tramadol dependence [diagnosis was made by Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders (SCID-I)]. Assessment of emotional dysregulation and DSH was done by the Difficulties in Emotion Dysregulation Scale, the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory-Short Version. Results:Female patients are higher in emotional dysregulation and induce DSH more evidently than male patients with tramadol dependence. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between overall emotional dysregulation and overall DSH in both groups. Conclusion:The results will be useful in clinical practice for the management of patients with tramadol dependence.

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BACKGROUND: Psychological disorders are common in patients who experienced coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Thus, there is a need to assess the prevalence of these disorders following vaccination, particularly in non-hospitalized cases as most COVID-19 patients do not require hospitalization. The presence of specific chronic medical disease has been displayed to increase the severity of infection and may also cause negative psychological outcomes in these patients. AIM: This study aimed to measure the prevalence of depression in COVID-19-positive non- hospitalized vaccinated patients during isolation and to detect the difference in depression between patients with and without medical diseases within the study. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study of a sample of patients from Abu Dhabi. A total of 194 participants were enrolled. All of them were COVID-19 vaccinated and tested positive for COVID-19. Participants were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ9). RESULTS: Depression was present in 10.8% of COVID-19 positive vaccinated patients while 89.2% had no depression according to their PHQ9 scores. A total of 18.5% of patients with chronic medical diseases had depression while 9.6% of patients without chronic medical diseases showed depression with no statistical significant difference in prevalence of depression between these two groups. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of depression was relatively low in this study compared to previous studies. No significant difference was found in the likelihood of developing depression between patients with and without chronic medical diseases. Further studies should be conducted to evaluate the effect of vaccines on mental health.

Background Cystinosis is a rare autosomal recessive disease. Children with nephropathic cystinosis (NCTN) have evidence of intellectual dysfunction and behavioural abnormalities which are attributed to renal dysfunction, metabolic disarrangement, and gene mutation. This study aimed to characterize the cognitive functions and behavioural profiles in nephropathic cystinosis patients on cysteamine therapy, and determine its relation to cysteamine treatment duration. In this analytical cohort study, 20 children with nephropathic cystinosis aged 6 years or above were compared to 26 children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) matched in age, sex, and CKD stage. All patients were subjected to full clinical and psychometric assessment using the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) and the Arabic language version of Stanford-Binet test (SB). Results There was no significant difference between both groups regarding Stanford-Binet test (SB) and Child Behavioural Checklist (CBCL), apart from delinquent behaviour. Duration of cysteamine treatment was inversely correlated with short-term memory, thought, and sex problems. Conclusions Children with cystinosis have a wide range of neurocognitive and behavioural problems that still present after cysteamine treatment and may be related to impact of genetic mutation on brain structure and function. Longer duration of cysteamine treatment could have beneficial effects on some behavioural problems.