This exploratory and descriptive study analyzed factors influencing employment choice of accounting graduates in higher education institutions in Botswana. Graduates’ preference to type of employer and size of employer were also analyzed. Data was collected through a survey of randomly selected 120 final year undergraduate accounting students from four randomly samples private higher education institutions in Botswana. Also, 60 accounting practitioners were purposively selected for data collection for comparing their perceptions with students on employment preference factors. Data analysis was accomplished using descriptive and inferential statistical tools of mean, frequency, ranking and Chi Square test. Students ranked flexible work schedule and work-life balance, initial salary and, opportunity for advancement as the three most important employment factors while practitioners ranked initial salary, opportunity for advancement and employer reputation and prestige as the three most important employment factors . It was therefore, recommended that employers should not only establish a good reputation but also, should create a conducive socio-economic environment by combining flexible working life with good salary offer to attract and retain employees. Students ranked private accounting jobs as their top preferred jobs. Students preferred large size employers over medium and small size employers. Reasons for preferring private accounting jobs and, large size employers should be investigated enabling accounting employers and, especially small and medium size employers, respectively in formulating appropriate strategies for attracting prospective employees in accounting profession.
This quantitative study analyzed the perceptions of students on teaching effectiveness in private higher education institutions in Botswana. An exploratory and descriptive survey research design was adopted in this study. A valid and reliable questionnaire was used to collect data through a survey of 560 stratified randomly sampled students in private higher education institutions in Botswana. A One sample t-test and an Independent t-test were used for data analysis. A significant high level of teaching effectiveness was determined. Several items measuring teaching effectiveness contributed significantly negative to teaching effectiveness and therefore, it was recommended that lecturers should use strategies to improve on those areas of teaching to enhance their teaching. No difference in teaching effectiveness was determined with respect to age, gender and nationality of the students. However, there was a significant difference in the students’ perceptions on teaching effectiveness between the university and the non- university institutions and, lecturers were found to be more effective in their teaching at the universities as compared to the lecturers in the non -university institutions. Therefore, a further study exploring the factors contributing to such differences is recommended to improve the quality of teaching in the non- university type of private higher education institutions in Botswana.
Onion varieties were evaluated for adaptability to the climatic conditions in Botswana. Six varieties of onion were planted under a complete randomized block design experiment with four replications at farmers' field in Botswana (Southern Africa). The quantitative data on yield of onion varieties and, farmers perception on the varieties were collected. All the varieties were harvested at their maturity (80% tops down) and then graded and weighed into six categories of bulbs: small weight, double weight, thin weight, bolters weight, marketable weight and total weight. Inferential and descriptive statistical methods were used for data analysis where by two ways analysis of variance and ranking scales were applied. It was concluded that all the six varieties namely; Arad, Galil, Hanna, Shahar, Texas Grano 502 P.R.R. and Red Creole contributed differently to the total yield, marketable yield and percentage marketable yield. Onion variety Hanna followed by Shahar produced the highest marketable yield whereas Galil variety gave the lowest marketable yield. Despite the fact that Texas Grano variety produced the highest total yield and has been a common and popular onion variety in Botswana, it was recommended that farmers should not grown Texas Grano variety as it produced the lowest percentage (60%) of marketable yield. Based on the yield performance and the farmer's perception, Hanna followed by Shahar varieties were found to be the best performing onion variety and therefore, government should promote these onion varieties for cultivation in Botswana. Government can import to ensure the availability of Hanna and Shahar varieties so that farmers can be motivated for adoption of these varieties for commercial production. The effects of different planting dates on the yield of onion varieties can be considered for future research.
Abstract:When considering the importance of farm management, poor growth and challenges in poultry production, it is important to analyze and understand the current level of the managerial skills and the factors influencing these skills. This descriptive and co-relational study analyzed socio-economic factors influencing farm management skills among broiler poultry producers in Botswana. A valid and reliable questionnaire was used for data collection through a survey of 60 randomly sampled broiler poultry farm operators in Botswana. Data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistical tools where by mean, frequency, correlation, t-test and analysis of variance were employed. Findings revealed that socio-economic factors of gender, level of education, experience in poultry farming, farm capacity, number of workers employed, ownership status, training status and financial support status significantly influenced the level of farm management skills. Broiler producers, particularly the female should be trained as the training has significant influence on the level of farm management skills. Financial support should be availed as it attracts producers with higher skill which in turn, increases the efficiency in broilers production. Larger farms should be encouraged enabling the higher productivity of broilers farms.
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