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BackgroundData registered in health facilities about malaria are vital source of information regarding the trend and pattern of the disease. Moreover the data also used to evaluate the impact of the intervention methods and to plan malaria control accordingly. The aim of this study was to assess the number of malaria cases in the service providing health institutions of South Omo Zone, SNNPR, over a period of seven years, 2008–2014.MethodsA retrospective review of routinely collected and recorded data on malaria was conducted at Hana and Keyafer health centers located in South OmoZone, during December–March/2014.ResultThis retrospective study examined records of 54,160 presumptive and confirmed malaria cases registered over seven years (January 2008–December 2014). Among the registered, a total of 22,494 laboratory confirmed malaria cases were reported. The mean annual prevalence of malaria was 3213, with total slide positivity rate (SPR) of 41.53%. The seven years' overall trend of malaria occurrence in the study sites showed a fluctuating trend from 2008 to 20114. P. falciparum was the predominant species with no trend shift in seven years period. Plasmodium falciparum accounted for 61.03% and Plasmodium vivax for 32.44%. Most of the confirmed cases were males (63.26%) and most were above 15 years old (70.7%). Rainfall at lag of one month was significantly predicting number of cases at Hana Health center (P< 0.001), though it was found to be not significant in case of Keyafer Health Center.ConclusionThe finding of the retrospective study revealed that malaria still remains as a public health problem in the study areas. The deadly species P. falciparium was most predominant, and the age group above 15 was more infected. Hence, malaria intervention methods should be scaled up in the study sites.

Feeding habits of Cyprinus carpio was studied in Lake Koka, Ethiopia, in April and May (dry months) and July and August (wet months), 2011. The objective of the study was to identify the diet composition, seasonal variation in diet and ontogenetic dietary shift. Gut contents of 435 fish were analyzed using frequency of occurrence and volumetric analysis. In frequency of occurrence method the number of gut samples was expressed as a percentage of all non-empty stomachs examined while in volumetric method the volume of each food category was expressed as a percentage of the total volume of the gut contents. Detritus, insects and macrophytes were the dominant food categories occurring in 97.0%, 85.2% and 53.3% of the guts and comprising 39.8%, 36.4% and 12.4% of the total volume of food items, respectively. The remaining food categories were of low importance in the diet. The frequency of occurrence and volumetric contributions of the different food categories of C. carpio significantly varied (U-test, p<0.05) during the dry and wet seasons. During the dry season, insects and detritus were important food categories, occurring in 94.4% and 98.6 of the guts and comprising 42.3% and 36.1% of the total volume of food, respectively. During the wet season, detritus was the most important food category. It occurred in 93.9% of the guts and accounted for 48.8% of the total volume of food. Insects and macrophytes were also important during the wet season, occurring in 68.2% and 74.3% of the guts and comprising 23.6% and 22.6% of the total volume of food, respectively. The contributions of animal origin food categories were important in the diet of juveniles whereas, food of plant origin were more important in the diet of adults. However, there were no significant variations in the diet of individuals in the different size classes. Based on the results, it was concluded that C. carpio was omnivorous in its feeding habits in Lake Koka with considerable seasonal variation but insignificant onto genetic change in its diet.