To research effects of cyclic loadings and the loading magnitude on the crack opening-closing behavior, crack opening displacement evaluations for fatigue cracks on a silicon nitride ball were carried out. The compressive loading magnitude, which was less than 2.7 kN, did not affect crack opening-closing behavior. The crack opened at the early cycles of fatigue during 0 to 103 cycles.
Mode I and Mode II fatigue crack growth on the equator of silicon nitride balls were tested under cyclic compressive loads. The mode I crack propagated in a straight direction along compressive axis. The angle of the mode II crack changed toward the direction perpendicular to tensile stress direction. The effect of mode I on cracks in differential mode II was strong after cycles.
The rolling contact fatigue (RCF) tests of 13Cr-2Ni-2Mo and SUS440C stainless steels were carried out in water. Their groove surfaces and the flaking failures were observed. Some hair cracks, wear and high roughness area were found. While the flaking depth of SUS440C was shallower than that of 13Cr-2Ni-2Mo stainless steel, the RCF life of the latter was longer than the former one. The flaking depth did not influence the RCF life.
The sectional observations of 13Cr-2Ni-2Mo and SUS 440C stainless steel ball bearings were done. Two features were found from the observations: parabolic-shaped cracks generated the flaking failure of 13Cr-2Ni-2Mo stainless steel bearing; jellyfish-shaped wear affected the flaking failure of SUS 440C stainless steel bearing.
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