The generic MICs for the change of 15D scores are ±.015. Follow-up studies using the 15D should report the mean change in the 15D score, its statistical significance, relationship to the MIC, and the distribution of the changes of the 15D scores into the five categories.

Mothers of allergic children should be recognised. An inquiry or questionnaire based on personal abilities and the family's internal and external capabilities may contribute to identifying these mothers. Mothers should be provided with individual encouragement and support from mother and child health clinics by focusing on factors felt to be strengthening ones.

Simple treatment regimens targeting itching in particular are likely to contribute most to the QOL of infants with AD; however, sleeping problems may remain as an age-related phenomenon. Early detection of symptoms and effective parent guidance contributed to the well-being of the child.

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Growth hormone markedly improved adult height in subjects with PWS when compared to historical data. The cumulative dose of growth hormone correlated with reduction in body fat; nevertheless, patients remained severely obese.

The treatment of food allergy is based on avoidance of the foods, which cause symptoms, and their replacement with nutritionally comparable foods. The cost of food allergy and elimination diets to families and society is poorly known. Our results suggest that estimation of dietary costs on the basis of dietary records was possible but challenging. In infancy, cost differences were small but vary depending on the age group with the reduction of median yearly costs around 180–240€. Thus, further studies are required for a more accurate cost estimate and an estimation of the impact of specific probiotics.

Supporting a child’s health-promoting lifestyle is an investment in their future health and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Particularly children with overweight and obesity may be at an increased risk of a poor HRQoL. Currently, a comprehensive evaluation of lifestyle factors and age in relation to HRQoL in healthy children and, further, separate child and parental proxy-reports of HRQoL are lacking. The aims of this cross-sectional study in Finland are to compare healthy elementary school-aged children’s and parents’ reports of the child‘s HRQoL, and to view them in relation to lifestyle markers. The HRQoL was measured with Pediatric Quality of Life InventoryTM 4.0, and the following lifestyle markers: leisure-time physical activity as MET, diet quality via a validated index (ES-CIDQ), sleeping time and screen time by questionnaires. Furthermore, age and BMI were recorded. Data were obtained from 270 primary school-aged children (6–13 years). Female gender, the child’s older age (8–13 years), high physical activity level and less screen time were strong predictors of a higher HRQoL in both the child’s and parental proxy-reports. Means to promote healthy lifestyles should be particularly targeted to young children, especially boys, and new ways to promote physical activity and other forms of free-time activities should be sought.