Objective: To determine the association of preterm delivery with maternal anemia in Tertiary Care Hospital, Karachi. Study Design: Prospective cohort study. Study Setting: Study was conducted at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi, Pakistan. Duration of Study: Six months from 3rd September, 2018 to 3rd March, 2019. Subjects and Methods: Data was prospectively collected from 90 patients. 45 patients were in the anemic group and 45 patients were in the non anemic group. Quantitative data was presented as simple descriptive statistics giving mean and standard deviation and qualitative variables were presented as frequency and percentages. Effect modifiers were controlled through stratification. Post stratification chi square was applied and p-value of ≤0.05 was considered significant. RR > 1 was considered significant. Results: In the anemic group, mean age of the patient was 28.82±3.65 years, gestational age at delivery was 36.97±2.58 weeks, booking hemoglobin was 9.79±0.84 g/dl, and delivery hemoglobin was found to be 9.73±1.19 g/dl. In the non-anemic group mean age of the patient was 29.57±5.83 years, gestational age at delivery 37.08±1.91 weeks, booking hemoglobin was 10.76±0.99 g/dl and delivery hemoglobin was found to be 10.75±1.12 g/dl. Moreover, frequency distribution of preterm status showed that out of 45 patients in anemic and non-anemic group, 35.6% and 46.7% had preterm status respectively. RR was 0.76. Conclusion: Prematurity is major cause of perinatal mortality. The findings of this study although shows prevalence of preterm delivery in both anemic and non-anemic pregnant women however results were not significant to support our hypothesis. Further research is needed with strategies to address the anemia status of expecting mothers. Key Words: Maternal anemia, preterm, anemia and non-anemic group.
Objective: To determine the association between Intra Uterine Fetal Demise (IUFD)/ Still Birth (SB) and factors associated with it in patients visiting at tertiary care hospital in Karachi. Study Design: Observational Case Control Study Place and Duration: This study was conducted in the department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Aga Khan University Hospital (AKU), Karachi, Pakistan. Duration was six months from September 26, 2018 to March 25, 2019. Materials and Methods: All patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Women with (Intra Uterine Fetal Demise/ Still Birth) were enrolled as cases and women with live Birth were enrolled as control group. Informed consent was taken after explaining the procedure, risks and benefits of the study. Associated factors such as pre-eclampsia, fetal growth restriction, gestational diabetes mellitus, obstetric cholestasis, antepartum hemorrhage, were taken from the antenatal record to assess the association with IUFD. All the collected data were entered into the proforma attached at the end and used electronically for research purpose. Results: Mean±SD of age in case was 26.65±3.98 with C.I (25.78----27.51) and in control was 27.60±3.90 with C.I (26.75----28.44) years. In group wise distribution of gender of fetus 42 (50.0%) boys and 42 (50.0%) girls were enrolled in case and 34 (40.47%) boys and 50 (59.53%) girls were included in control group. Rate of growth restriction was 2 times more likely in cases as compare to control with [OR 2.00] while the rate of antepartum hemorrhage was 1.2 times more likely in cases as compare to control with [OR 1.205] and P value found to be non-significant i.e.(P=0.223 and 0.575) in growth restriction and antepartum hemorrhage respectively. Conclusion: It is to be concluded that, the incidence of intrauterine fetal deaths in our population is higher than that reported from developed countries. This is associated with preeclampsia, obstetric cholestasis, diabetes mellitus pregnancy-induced hypertension, illiteracy and low socioeconomic status. Keywords: Still Birth, Parity,Intra Uterine Fetal Demise
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