This is the first chemical taxonomic study of cuticular hydrocarbons of seven common mantis species in Egypt. This study is shedding the light on the role of this chemicals in phylogeny and taxonomy of this charismatic group of Insects.
Polychlorinated dibenzo-para-dioxins (PCDDs) and Polychlorinated dibenzo-furans (PCDFs) may be released during fuel combustion in several industries including cement production. Estimation of dioxins and furans released from four cement factories in the Red Sea region, Suez Governorate, Egypt, has been calculated. The Standardized Toolkit recommended by the United Nation Environmental Program, UNEP for Identification and Quantification of PCDD's and PCDF'srelease developed by UNEP was used. Data about incineration of hazardous waste in cement kilns are also collected. Only one plant was found to incinerate according to controlled combustion processes that apply good air pollution control system, APCS, in place. The default emission factors established by UNEP toolkit were used to estimate the PCDD's and PCDF's. Only one plant allows the use of hazardous wastes, HW, in its fueling mixture. The calculated dioxins and furans for this plant (A) was 0.77 g TEQ/year into air with dioxins residue of 12.135 g TEQ/year. However, emission rate of other plants(B,C and D) were, 0.1165, 0.1 and0.07 g TEQ/year, respectively, compared with the permissible limit set by the European Union as is 0.1 ng TEQ /Nm³ TEQ for concentration of dioxin-like compounds in the discharged flue gas is 0.1 ng TEQ/Nm³ TEQ.("EU limit value". europa.eu
A Total of 178 samples of commonly consumed vegetables were collected from seven different Egyptian governorates in 2007 and onward. A multiresidue method was used for analysis and the pesticides determined by gas chromatography. The Twenty nine organophosphorus (OP) pesticides were tested with validated analytical method using Gas chromatography, GC-NPD. Overall, 87% of the vegetables samples had no detectable organophosphorus pesticides. Of the analysed samples, 13.5% contained detectable residues, of which 4.5% exceeded MRL's.The obtained monitoring results showed that 4 out of 29 organophosphorus pesticides were detected in the analysed vegetable samples. The frequencies and percentages of detected residues were chlorpyrifos detected in 12 samples with percentage 6.7 % followed by profenofos detected in 11 samples with percentage 6.2%, then ethion and chlorpyrifos-Me detected in 3 and 2 samples with percentages 1.7%, 1.1% respectively. Risk assessments were also performed by calculating estimated daily intake (EDI) comparing the figures with acceptable daily intake (ADI). The intakes of OP pesticides were generally lower than 100% of the Acceptable Daily Intakes (ADIs). Tomato is the most vegetables contribution of the highest OP intake. The highest intake was that of profenofos 59.62 ug/ person followed by chlorpyrifos 55.62 ug/person, chlorpyrifos-Me, 15.34 ug/person and then ethion 12.98 ug/person, based on GEMS/food consumption rate.
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