Genetic effects on fiber quality parameters in six basic populations (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1 and BC2) of crosses viz. TARZAN-1× CIM-602 and A-555×FH-114 were investigated through GMA. The outcomes of the current study envisaged that additive and dominant alongside non-allelic interactions assumed a significant role for the attributes like fiber length and fiber maturity in both crosses, however, additive genetic actions [d] were observed to be imperative for fiber uniformity, fineness and bundle strength. Epistatic gene interactions were present almost in all the quality traits in one or other cross, whereas linkage was prominently observed in bundle strength and fineness. All the fiber traits showed high genetic variance and genetic advance except fiber length where genetic gain was relatively low under normal and water stressed conditions. Inverse indication of [h] and [i] anticipated duplicate genes in the legacy of fiber fineness and length that will bring plant breeders in trouble during selection. Hence, heterosis breeding would be a better choice because complementary gene interaction was absent in all quality traits.
C limate change is likely to be affected food security at the global, regional and local levels. Climate change can disrupt food availability, reduce food access, and affect food quality. It is estimated that projected increases in temperature, changes in precipitation patterns, changes in extreme weather events, and reduced water availability may all lead to lower agricultural productivity and promote food insecurity. Increases in the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events could disrupt food delivery, Abstract | Climate change and enormous increase in population are causing food insecurity situation in developing countries like Pakistan. Major food crops are seemed failing to fulfill food requirements hence, it is imperative to search for alternate food sources. Ber could be very handy alternate food crop if its yield and quality is enhanced. Grafting is a widely used technique to improve yield, disease resistance and fruit quality. This work aims to assess the effect of grafting on production, fruit ripening, physical and chemical properties, and nutritional quality of the fruit. Rootstock has a great influence on plant growth and development, including fruit ripening. However, the presence of a cross-interaction between grafting and rootstock is often neglected. To explore cross-interaction between grafting and rootstock on different fruit yield and quality traits, we examined the scion-root interaction of four scion cultivars viz. Delhi White, Suffen, Karela and Mahmud Wali during March-April 2013-14. After the establishment of plant, data were recorded for yield and fruit quality traits during three consecutive years . Results showed that Dehli White grafted plants produced maximum yield kg/plant (60.33, 71.43, 78.00 ) followed by Mehmud Wali, Karela and Suffen scion grafts. Suffen grafted plants produced better quality fruits in terms of total soluble solids (TSS) (14.67, 15.45, 16.56 Brix0), pH and Ascorbate content followed by Karela, Mehmud Wali and Dehli White scion graft. Based on findings of the experiment, it could be recommended that Mahmud Wali and Suffen scions should be used to be propagated on local rootstocks to enhance yield as well as fruit quality that will contribute in ensuring food security.
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