Although topical drugs are the mainstay of treatment for patients with mild‐to‐moderate psoriasis, the developments observed in this field in the last two decades have been limited. The most commonly used drugs are still vitamin D analogues and corticosteroids, both with several limitations. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) plays a role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, and tapinarof, a novel, first‐in‐class, small molecule topical therapeutic AhR‐modulating agent has been recently approved by the FDA for the topical treatment of plaque psoriasis in adults. Two large, 12‐week, phase III trials, PSOARING 1 and 2, showed that 35.4%–40.2% of patients in the tapinarof 1% cream arm achieved the primary endpoint (Physician's Global Assessment [PGA] score of 0 or 1 and a decrease of ≥2–5 points at week 12) compared with 6.0%–6.3% for vehicle arm, respectively. The most common adverse effects were folliculitis, contact dermatitis, headache and pruritus. In the open label, 40‐week, extension trial, PSOARING 3, the efficacy and safety results were similar, with 40.9% of patients achieving a PGA = 0 at least one time during the trial and 58.2% of patients with PGA≥2 achieved PGA = 0/1 at least once during the trial, without tachyphylaxis. There were no new safety signals, with most frequent adverse events being folliculitis, contact dermatitis, and upper respiratory tract infection. Tapinarof 1% cream has shown to be effective and to have a favorable safety profile in the treatment of psoriatic patients, representing an alternative to the current therapeutic options, increasing our armamentarium in the topical treatment of psoriasis.
The individual burial of the Herdade do Álamo, located in Beja municipality, South Portugal, is presented along with its bioanthropological study, radiocarbon dating and isotopic approaches on diet and mobility. The results show a male, with a terrestrial diet and youth mobility, dating from the last quarter of the 3rd millennium BC. The archaeometallurgical study of the metal votive assemblage (one tongue dagger and three Palmela points) indicates a copper metallurgy with high values of Arsenic (As), typical of this period of transition. The burial is contextualized in a process of individuation of the funerary practices and in the “Ferradeira Horizon”, considered as a facet of the diversified funerary practices and of the complex social changes of the late 3rd millennium BC in the South of Portugal.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.