Background: Diabetes Mellitus is one of the leading cause of morbidity & mortality all over the world. The poor glycemic control in the patients of type-II diabetes mellitus can lead the development of complications which cause the morbidity in the life of diabetic population. The aim of this study was to estimate the serum sialic acid in the patients of type- II diabetes for early prediction of diabetic complications. Methodology: This case comparative study was conducted at the Diabetes Clinic of LUMHS Jamshoro with the collaboration of the Department of Biochemistry at LUMHS. A total of 84 diagnosed cases of type-II Diabetes Mellitus were included in this study. In group A, 40 diabetes mellitus cases were diagnosed with a history of diabetes less than five years, while in group B 44 had histories of diabetes over ten years. Spectrophotometers were used to measure serum sialic acid levels using Ehrlich's reagent. SPSS version 22 was used for data analysis with independent student t tests applied. Results: The mean serum sialic acid level of group A was 56.42 ± 5.67 mg/dl, while serum sialic acid level of group B was 69.88 ± 7.34 mg/dl. There was significant (p<0.05) increased level of serum sialic acid in the type-II diabetic patients of group B, which indicate there is more chance to development of micro vascular complications in type-II diabetic patients with prolong duration for their diseases period. Conclusion: Estimation of serum sialic acid in the patients of type-II diabetes mellitus is one of the early predictive marker for the complications of diabetes mellitus. Keywords: Type-II Diabetes Mellitus, Serum Sialic Acid, Estimation, HBA1C
Objective: To evaluate the effects of pumpkin seed oil and apricot oil on the atherogenic index. Methods: This experimental study was carried out on 24 male albino rats (n=24) at the Department of Biochemistry in collaboration with the Diagnostic and Research Laboratory, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Science Jamshoro, Sindh. The study population (n=24) divided into three groups, with 8(n=8) in each group. Lipid profile determined and atherogenic index calculated by the formula log Triglycerides/HDL ratio. The atherogenic index was compared in three groups(high- fat diet group, High-fat diet+Pumpkin seed oil group and high -fat diet+apricot oil group). Data analyzed on IBM SPSS 22.0 and p value <0.05 taken as significant. Results: Serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL levels were decreased in the groups of rats given high-fat diet +pumpkin seed oil group and high-fat diet +apricot oil group as compared to high fat diet controls. HDL levels increased to significant level in the groups of rats given high-fat diet +pumpkin seed oil and high-fat diet +apricot oil as compared to high-fat diet control. The atherogenic index was 1.426±0.19 in high-fat diet controls, and this decreased to 1.31 ±0.21 in the rats given high fat diet+ pumpkin seed oil and at the same time decreased to 1.20±0.14 in those given high fat diet with apricot oil. Conclusion: Pumpkin seed oil and apricot oil, both are effective in decreasing the atherogenic index in the rat taking high fat diet but apricot oil is more effective in reducing atherogenic index in the rats taking high fat diet. Keywords: Atherogenic index, Apricot oil, High fat diet, Pumpkin seed oil
Present study compares the potential of Ficus carica and Allium sativum on triglyceride to HDL ratio in high fat diet fed male Wistar albino rats. A sample of 36 male Wistar albino rats was randomly divided into 6 groups (A, B, C, D, E and F). Hyperlipidemia was induced by high fat diet (HFD) (banaspati ghee + coconut oil) mixed in normal chow diet. After six weeks, blood was taken through retro – orbital capillary plexus, centrifuged to get sera, stored at -20°C temperature for biochemical analysis of blood lipids. TAG/HDLc ratio (atherogenic index of plasma) was measured as log TAG/HDLc. Statistical package (SPSS ver. 21.0, IBM, incorporation, USA) analyzed the results by 1- ANOVA and post – Hoc Benforinni test (p≤ 0.05). Cholesterol, TAGs, LDLc, and HDLc shows significant decrease in F. carica and A. sativum treated experimental groups C – F compared to positive controls (P=0.0001). A. sativum shows more potent hypolipidemic potential and more significant reduction in TAG/HDLc ratio compared to F. carica (P=0.0001). The present study concludes Ficus carica and Allium sativum show hypolipidemic potential with significant decrease in TAG/HDLc ratio and they may be used to prevent atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease as simple home remedy.
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