Background: QT abnormalities have been reported in left ventricular hypertrophy and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Objective: To determine the relation between left ventricular hypertrophy and increased QT interval in familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Methods: The QT interval was measured in 206 genotyped adult subjects with familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy from 15 unrelated families carrying mutations in the β myosin heavy chain (β-MHC) gene (five families, n = 68) or the cardiac myosin binding protein C (MyBPC) gene (10 families, n = 138). Subjects were classified as genetically unaffected (controls, n = 112), affected with left ventricular hypertrophy (penetrants, n = 58), or affected without left ventricular hypertrophy (non-penetrants, n = 36).Results: There was a significant increase in QTmax and QTmin from controls to non-penetrants and penetrants for both the MyBPC group (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively) and the β-MHC group (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). In the MyBPC group, the increase in the QT interval could be explained by increased left ventricular hypertrophy. In the β-MHC group, non-penetrants had a significantly longer QTmax than controls despite the absence of left ventricular hypertrophy, and a similar QT interval to penetrants despite a lesser degree of left ventricular hypertrophy. Conclusions: In familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, genetically affected subjects without left ventricular hypertrophy may have a prolonged QT duration, which depends not only on the degree of left ventricular hypertrophy, when present, but also on the causative mutation.
Many of the analysed characteristics in these women were more related with the consumption of injected drug than with the HIV infection, such as the greater frequency of elective abortions, criminal antecedents, parental abandonment, multiple drug abuse and pathological precedents like hepatitis B or C.
Infected children and non-infected children had similar social and family characteristics. However, less schooling, problems of school integration, and more and longer hospital admissions were related to HIV infection in children, and not so much to their status as children of seropositive mothers.
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