Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the domain of computer science that focuses on the development of machines that operate like humans. In the field of AI, medical disease detection is an instantly growing domain of research. In the past years, numerous endeavours have been made for the improvements of medical disease detection, because the errors and problems in medical disease detection cause serious wrong medical treatment. Meta-heuristic techniques have been frequently utilized for the detection of medical diseases and promise better accuracy of perception and prediction of diseases in the domain of biomedical. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is a swarm-based intelligent stochastic search technique encouraged from the intrinsic manner of bee swarm during the searching of their food source. Consequently, for the versatility of numerical experimentation, PSO has been mostly applied to address the diverse kinds of optimization problems. However, the PSO techniques are frequently adopted for the detection of diseases but there is still a gap in the comparative survey. This paper presents an insight into the diagnosis of medical diseases in health care using various PSO approaches. This study presents to deliver a systematic literature review of current PSO approaches for knowledge discovery in the field of disease detection. The systematic analysis discloses the potential research areas of PSO strategies as well as the research gaps, although, the main goal is to provide the directions for future enhancement and development in this area. This paper gives a systematic survey of this conceptual model for the advanced research, which has been explored in the specified literature to date. This review comprehends the fundamental concepts, theoretical foundations, and conventional application fields. It is predicted that our study will be beneficial for the researchers to review the PSO algorithms in-depth for disease detection. Several challenges that can be undertaken to move the field forward are discussed according to the current state of the PSO strategies in health care.
Likewise, the paper finds the proficiency of numerous quasi-random sequences (QRS) based on initialization approaches by looking at their exhibition analyzed for sixteen notable benchmark test problems.
Bat algorithm (BA) is a nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithm which is widely used to solve the real world global optimization problem. BA is a population-based intelligent stochastic search technique that emerged from the echolocation features of bats and created from the mimics of bats foraging behavior. One of the major issue faced by the BA is frequently captured in local optima while handling the complex real-world problems. In this study, a new variant of BA named as improved bat algorithm (I-BAT) is proposed. Improved bat algorithm modifies the standard BA by enhancing its exploitation capabilities, and secondly for initialization of swarm, a quasirandom sequence Torus has been applied to overcome the issue of convergence and diversity. Population initialization is a vital factor in BA, which considerably influences the diversity and convergence of swarm. In order to improve the diversity and convergence, quasi-random sequences are more useful to initialize the population rather than the random distribution. The proposed strategy is applied to standard benchmark functions that are extensively used in the literature. The experimental results illustrate the superiority of the proposed technique. The simulation results verify the efficiency of proposed technique for swarm over the benchmark algorithm that is implemented for the function optimization.
To solve different kinds of optimization challenges, meta-heuristic algorithms have been extensively used. Population initialization plays a prominent role in meta-heuristic algorithms for the problem of optimization. These algorithms can affect convergence to identify a robust optimum solution. To investigate the effectiveness of diversity, many scholars have a focus on the reliability and quality of meta-heuristic algorithms for enhancement. To initialize the population in the search space, this dissertation proposes three new low discrepancy sequences for population initialization instead of uniform distribution called the WELL sequence, Knuth sequence, and Torus sequence. This paper also introduces a detailed survey of the different initialization methods of PSO and DE based on quasi-random sequence families such as the Sobol sequence, Halton sequence, and uniform random distribution. For well-known benchmark test problems and learning of artificial neural network, the proposed methods for PSO (TO-PSO, KN-PSO, and WE-PSO), BA (BA-TO, BA-WE, and BA-KN), and DE (DE-TO, DE-WE, and DE-KN) have been evaluated. The synthesis of our strategies demonstrates promising success over uniform random numbers using low discrepancy sequences. The experimental findings indicate that the initialization based on low discrepancy sequences is exceptionally stronger than the uniform random number. Furthermore, our work outlines the profound effects on convergence and heterogeneity of the proposed methodology. It is expected that a comparative simulation survey of the low discrepancy sequence would be beneficial for the investigator to analyze the meta-heuristic algorithms in detail.
Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is a population-based strong stochastic search strategy empowered from the inherent way of the bee swarm or animal herds for seeking their foods. Consequently, flexibility for the numerical experimentation, PSO has been used to resolve diverse kind of optimization problems. PSO is much of the time caught in local optima in the meantime taking care of the complex real-world problems.Considering this, a novel modified PSO is introduced by proposing a chi square mutation method. The main functionality of mutation operator in PSO is quick convergence and escapes from the local minima. Population initialization plays a critical role in meta-heuristic algorithm. Moreover, in this work, to improve the convergence, rather applying random distribution for initialization, two quasi random sequences Halton and Sobol have been applied and properly joined with chi-square mutated PSO (Chi-Square PSO) algorithm. The promising experimental result suggests the superiority of the proposed technique. The results present foresight that how the proposed mutation operator influences on the value of cost function and divergence. The proposed mutated strategy is applied for eight (8) benchmark functions extensively used in the literature. The simulation results verify that Chi-Square PSO provide efficient results over other tested algorithms implemented for the function optimization.
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