In this study, at first, TiO nanowire was prepared by an alkaline hydrothermal process. In the following, Gr/Pd/TiO-NPs and Gr/Pd/TiO-NWs were synthesized by a combination of hydrothermal and photodeposition methods. The properties of as prepared products were characterized using XRD, FT-IR, SEM, DRS, TEM, ICP-OES, EDS and TGA analysis. SEM results confirmed nanodimension structure for all samples. Also the band gap values obtained using DRS technique suggests that all the samples have semiconductor behavior. Using TGA analysis, the amount of graphene loaded onto the powders was confirmed. Photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B by TiO-NWs, Gr/Pd/TiO-NPs and Gr/Pd/TiO-NWs nanocomposites was compared under ultraviolet light irradiation. Results confirmed that the Gr/Pd/TiO-NWs composite show the highest photocatalytic activity due to much higher available surface area of TiO substrate in nanowire structure. It is expected that the synthesis of the high surface area TiO nanowires, facile photodeposition of palladium into its texture, and simple conversion of GO to graphene during hydrothermal process without using strong reducing agents, could be a suitable rote for preparing different types of carbon based TiO nanocomposite photocatalysts.

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The effect of the anionic shape-and size-controller on the morphology and size of Nd 2 O 3 prepared by new simple approach was studied. Nanostructured Nd 2 O 3 was synthesized by heat treatment in air at 900 °C for 5 h., employing powder, which was prepared by a solventfree solid-state reaction from [Nd L(NO 3 ) 2 ]NO 3 (L = bis-( 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde)-ethanediamine Schiff base compound), as new precursor, in presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as shape-and size-controller. The structural, morphological and optical properties of as-obtained nanostructured Nd 2 O 3 were characterized by thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), 10 energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The obtained results demonstrated that the amount of SDS play key role in the morphology and particle size controlling of the neodymium oxide. Furthermore, the catalytic properties of the as-prepared nanostructures were evaluated by the photocatalytic degradation of the erythrosine (anionic dye) as water contaminant. 15

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NdO-SiO nanocomposites with enhanced photocatalytic activity have been obtained through simple and rapid sonochemical route in presence of putrescine as a new basic agent, for the first time. The influence of the mole ratio of Si:Nd, basic agent and ultrasonic power have been optimized to obtain the best NdO-SiO nanocomposites on shape, size and photocatalytic activity. The produced NdO-SiO nanocomposites have been characterized utilizing XRD, EDX, TEM, FT-IR, DRS and FESEM. Application of the as-formed NdO-SiO nano and bulk structures as photocatalyst with photodegradation of methyl violet contaminant under ultraviolet illumination was compared. Results demonstrated that SiO has remarkable effect on catalytic performance of NdO photocatalyst for decomposition. By introducing of SiO to NdO, decomposition efficiency of NdO toward methyl violet contaminant under ultraviolet illumination was increased.

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