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To assessment molecular and phenotypic diversity for ten barley lines belong to Hordeum vulgare L., ten SCoT primers were used and 12 morphological traits were estimated in two seasons (2018/2019 and 2019/2020). The SCoT primers succeeded in generating reproducible and reliable amplicons. SCoT technique showed that 66.67 % to 100% of polymorphism. The resolving power (Rp) value varied from 4 to 11.40. In addition, the 10 lines were characterized by 41 unique markers (22 positive and 19 negative). B 6 had the highest numbers of positive markers (six). According to phenotypic evaluation, the mean squares for genotypes were highly significant for all studied traits from combined data over two seasons. The heritability values in broad sense (h 2 b %) ranged from 40.63 (100-grain weight) to 99.22 (Days to heading). The P 7 gave desired value in four traits (NT/P, NS/P, NG/S and GY/P g) and the other lines showed desired value in one or two trait, thus all traits which detected in the ten lines might be associated with all unique markers distinguished in this study. The inbred line P 6 showed the highest number of unique markers (6 positive), one or some of which may be linked with grain filling period (GFP day) trait that showed in line desirable value. Consequently, these markers may be used as selectable markers for genetic improvement of these traits in barley.

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This study was carried out at the Experimental Farm in Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University during the two seasons 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 using six diverse barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L.). All possible parental combinations without reciprocals were made among the six genotypes, giving 15 crosses. The six parental genotypes and 15 F 1 's were evaluated in two experiments. The first experiment, was irrigated with the recommended treatment i.e three irrigations after planting irrigation (normal condition), and the second one was irrigated with planting irrigation only (drought condition). Plant height, spike length, number of grains/spike, number of spikes/plant, 100-grain weight and grain yield /plant were studied. Results indicated that water stress treatments decreased the means of all studied traits for parents and their hybrids. Statistical analysis revealed highly significant effects of genotypes, GCA and SCA for all studied traits, providing evidence for presence of large amount of genetic variability. The estimates of GCA effects showed that, P 1 was a good combiner for number of grains/spike and 100-grain weight under both conditions, spikes/plant under Normal and plant height and grain yield/plant under stress; P 2 for grain yield/plant under both conditions, spike length, spikes/plant, number of grains/spike under normal and plant height under stress ; P 3 for plant height, 100 grain weight under both conditions and number of grains/spike under normal; P 4 for grain yield/plant under both conditions, spikes/plant under normal and plant height under stress; P 5 for plant height and number of grains/spike under stress and P 6 for spike length and 100 grain weight under stress. For SCA estimates, it could be summarized that the best hybrids were cross No. 1, 9 and 10 for most studied traits under both conditions. Drought susceptibility index (DSI) used to estimate relative stress injury because it accounted for variation in yield potential and stress intensity. This index could be estimated based on many traits. which included Giza 123, Giza 129, crosses No. 3 and 10 were tolerant for most traits, indicating the importance of these parents in this regard.

The purpose of this research was to study the impact of N levels applied with proline as well as plant distance on the vegetative growth, chemical content, yield, yield components, and quality attributes of maize under different irrigation intervals. The research was undertaken at an experimental field of Agricultural Faculty, El-Mansoura University during 2018-2019. The results showed that application of 150% nitrogen fertilization from recommended dose in presence of 50 mg/l proline significantly increased growth parameters (plant length, fresh and dry weight of flag, leaves area), chlorophyll content, N, P, K and proline content of maize leaves as well as yield attributed (ear length, 1000-graine weight, grain yield and straw yield) and quality of grains (crude proline, fiber, total carbohydrates and oil%). All parameters under investigation recorded high significant values with plant spacing 15 cm. As for irrigation intervals the results revealed that 11 days' intervals were the most suitable for previous maize parameters. So, it could be recommended touse150 N-fertilization in presence of proline + 15 cm plant spacing and 11 days' irrigation intervals.