Transforming-growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) is a powerful cytokine involved in physiological processes of growth, differentiation, gene expression, embryogenesis, tissue remodelling, wound healing as well as tumorigenesis, immunosuppression and fibrosis, like peritoneal membrane fibrosis on long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD) treatment. The aims of this study were to determine TGF-β1 levels in serum (s) and drained dialysate (dd), to assess their relations to sex, age, diabetes, dialysis modality, peritonitis and use of erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESAs), inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACEi) and/or statins in 20 patients, 11 men and 9 women, mean age 62.90 ± 12.69 years, free of peritonitis during the first 6 months of PD treatment. There was no statistically significant difference in TGF-β1 concentrations in serum and drained dialysate at the beginning and after first 6 months of chronic PD, in patients of different sex, age and diabetic patients versus non-diabetic. The significant positive correlations between sTGF-β1 levels and glycemia at the beginning and cholesterolemia after 6 months of PD treatment suggest higher TGF-β1 concentrations in patients with unfavorable metabolic profile. Expression of TGF-β1 in effluent dialysate was significantly lower in patients on chronic PD using ACEi therapy, suggesting ACEi to have a protective effect on peritoneal membrane. Patients on ESA had slightly lower sTGF-β1 concentrations after the first 6 months of PD treatment.
Investigating peritoneal membrane alterations caused by peritoneal dialysis fluid during peritoneal dialysis in humans is still intriguing. That is why the study was aimed to provide rabbit peritoneal tissue samples suitable for histological analyses using a modified nonuremic infusion model of peritoneal dialysis on rabbit. A double-lumen central venous catheter, surgically placed in the peritoneal cavity of adult Chinchilla rabbit, was used for daily instillations of peritoneal dialysate. Peritoneal tissue samples were obtained during the catheter placement and removal and analyzed by light and transmission electron microscopy. The results of histological examinations showed that this modified non-uremic rabbit model of peritoneal dialysis is suitable for obtaining peritoneal tissue samples for light and transmission electron microscopy examination, and can be used to analyze the effects of different dialysis solutions on rabbit peritoneal membrane
Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a well established method of depuration in uremic patients. Standard dialysis solutions currently in use are not biocompatible with the peritoneal membrane. Studying effects of dialysate on peritoneal membrane in humans is still a challenge. There is no consensus on the ideal experimental model so far. We, therefore, wanted to develop a new experimental non-uremic rabbit model of peritoneal dialysis, which would be practical, easy to conduct, not too costly, and convenient to investigate the long-term effect of dialysis fluids. The study was done on 17 healthy Chinchilla male and female rabbits, anesthetized with Thiopental in a dose of 0.5 mg/kg body mass. A catheter, specially made from Tro-soluset (Troge Medical GMBH, Hamburg, Germany) infusion system, was then surgically inserted and tunneled from animals' abdomen to their neck. The planned experimental procedure was 4 weeks of peritoneal dialysate instillation. The presented non-uremic rabbit model of peritoneal dialysis is relatively inexpensive, does not require sophisticated technology and was well tolerated by the animals. Complications such as peritonitis, dialysis fluid leakage, constipation and catheter obstruction were negligible. This model is reproducible and can be used to analyze the effects of different dialysis solutions on the rabbit peritoneal membrane.
The used rabbit model of peritoneal dialysis is simple, practical to perform, reproducible, not expensive and not requiring advanced devices. It is suitable for obtaining peritoneal tissue samples for histological examination and can be used to analyze the effects of dialysis solutions on the rabbit peritoneal membrane.
This investigation deals with the effect of tocopherol on serum lipid profile in emphysema experimentally induced by hypercholesterolemic diet. For this study six groups of twenty Chinchilla rabbits each were used: C-control group on standard diet for this species, O - control group on oil diet, Ch - experimental group on hypercholesterolemic diet, T - experimental group received tocopherol intramuscularly, OT - experimental group on oil diet receiving tocopherol intramuscularly and ChT - experimental group on hypercholesterolemic diet receiving tocopherol intramuscularly. After a two-months treatment serum content of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoproteins (LDL) and high density lipoproteins (HDL) were examined by the enzymatic colorimetric method. Experimental emphysema was histologically confirmed. TC and LDL contents were significantly increased (p<0.01) in the sera of all groups compared to group C. In comparison with group C, TG content was significantly decreased (p<0.01) in all tested groups. In comparison with group O, TC content was significantly decreased (p<0.01) in sera samples of ChT and OT groups. TC content was significantly increased (p<0.01) in the sera of group ChT compared to group OT. Our findings indicate the influence of tocopherol on the serum lipid profile in experimental emphysema, as well as its potentially protective role in the development of this disease
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