Generalized pigmentation in a child may be seen in a variety of disorders which can be clinically differentiated. Accuracy of diagnosis can be increased by classifications based on both clinical and histological findings. The authors report a case of siblings in whom hyperpigmentation started at age of about 6 mo and was progressing. Histology of skin revealed shortening and blunting of rete ridges with presence of melanocytes in stratum basal layer. This is a rare type of hypermelanosis and termed as universal acquired melanosis or carbon baby syndrome. This is a rare presentation and first case report in siblings.
We conducted this study to determine the prescribing practices of doctors in management of acute diarrhea in children in the age group of 6 month -5 year. Antimotility agents and low/zero lactose formula was prescibed in 9.8% and 24.7% cases, respectively by general practitioners. In about 66.6% and 5.7% cases pre/probiotics were prescribed and oral rehydration salt (ORS) were not prescribed by the pediatricians.
Introduction: Neonatal apnea is one of the most common causes of Sick Newborn Care Unit and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit admission. Commonest etiologies of neonatal apnea include sepsis, apnea of prematurity, central nervous system insult, Respiratory distress Syndrome. Background: Apnea in neonates may be manifestation of many serious underlying diseases as well as may be due to prematurity. Apnea of prematurity is essentially a diagnosis of exclusion carries the most excellent prognosis. Other secondary causes bear uniformly poor prognosis and essentially high mortality. Objectives: This study was conducted in a tertiary care centre to determine the different causes of apnea and to observe the outcome in relation to different birth weight, gestational age and different etiologies. Results: Out of 110 apneic neonates recruited 60% had ≥ 3 episodes of apnea while 40% had 1-2 episodes. Sepsis and apnea of prematurity were found to be the two most common causes. Average birth weight and gestational age for the sepsis group was 1598•62 gm and 32•4 wks respectively whereas average birth weight and gestational age for apnea of prematurity group was 1094•07 gm and 30•0 wks respectively. Survival rate for babies with apnea of prematurity (71•42%) was better than babies with infection (42•3%). Conclusion: All babies born below 32 weeks of gestational age must undergo close monitoring for apnea. Neonates with apneic spells should be evaluated to exclude secondary causes of apnea like sepsis, hypoglycaemia and intracranial hemorrhage etc., because sepsis remains the commonest cause of apnea and carries a poor prognosis.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.