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Technology is advancing day-to-day. For a better and faster technology, information security is a must. This requires data authentication at the execution levels. Cryptography is a useful tool through which secure data independency can be established. It uses two basic operations namely encryption and decryption for secure data communication. A large number of cryptographic techniques have been proposed and implemented so far. In this paper, we have surveyed some of the proposed mechanisms based on Symmetric Key Cryptography and have made a basic comparison study among them. The basic features, advantages, drawbacks and applications of various Symmetric Key Cryptography algorithms have been mentioned in this paper.

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In this paper, we have proposed two energy-efficient heuristics: (i) CMDE-RSCA (crosstalk-aware), and (ii) FMDE-RSCA (fragmentation-aware) to address the issues of inter-core crosstalk, and fragmentation within the core respectively-to ensure quality transmission of the optical signal for dynamic traffic in space division multiplexing elastic optical network (SDM-EON), while maintaining survivability of the network against single link failure. These heuristics based on multipath based survivability are compared with three existing survivable approaches based on p-cycles and shared path in terms of bandwidth blocking, energy consumption, crosstalk, and fragmentation. Both these algorithms outperform all three existing heuristics in terms of all parameters. In between CMDE-RSCA and FMDE-RSCA, CMDE-RSCA leads to consume lesser energy, whereas FMDE-RSCA produces lesser bandwidth blocking.

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