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In the reindeer husbandry of the Asian North reporting many cases of brucellosis, this contagion causes significant economic damage and complicates the epidemiological tension in the regions. Scientific data have received during fieldwork in the Yamalo-Nenets and Chukotka Autonomous Districts, Magadan Region, the Taimyr, and Evenki Municipal Regions of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. We are determining distribution brucellosis among domestic reindeer analyzed by veterinary reporting of the State Veterinary Network and conducting clinical and serological examinations. There has established optimal doses of vaccines from strains of Brucella abortus 19 and B. abortus 82 in controlled experiments based on the study of reactogenicity, agglutinogenicity, and immunogenicity of biological products. Developed the concept to optimize the specific prevention of reindeer brucellosis. This idea based on modern theories of the epizootic process, self-regulation of parasitic systems, and natural foci, taking into account the characteristics of the technology of the industry. There has established that when choosing anti-brucellosis immunotherapy (especially in the natural foci of brucellosis), ground immunity and permanent immunity should be provided by highly immunogenic vaccines by the S-immune background. Subsequent reimmunization can also be with the help of others, including killed vaccines. The diagnosis of reindeer brucellosis can be only for epizootological control purposes. Promising, in this regard, is the use of an immunodiffusion reaction (RID with O-PS antigen). The results of the studies revealed that for the specific prevention of brucellosis in reindeer, the optimal dose of the vaccine from B. abortus strain 19 is 2.5 billion mt. For the immunization from B. abortus 82 strain, the treatment is 10 billion mt. It is proven the antiepizootic efficacy of the optimal doses of vaccines from B. abortus 19 and 82 strains for the specific prevention of reindeer brucellosis in experimental and production conditions.