The authors of this article state that contemporary social psychology lacks wider, more general theory encompassing the middle range and micro psychological theories. Thus, the original contents and forms (CF) theory of selfawareness is proposed with the hope that it is going to become such a wider psychological theory. This expectation is based on the fact self-awareness is present in cognitive, emotional, and motivation processes, in dissonance and attributions, etc. CF theory of self-awareness makes a distinction between self-awareness contents and its processing form or modes. The content is divided into external and internal ones, which can be processed in any of four self-awareness forms: individual, defensive, outer, and reflective. Self-awareness operates in a dynamical way, and is functional with respect to personality and external conditions. The internal contents are associated with a greater self-focusing than the external ones. The forms of selfawareness organize, order, and integrate the self-awareness content and in doing so they influence behavior. The article discusses the relationship between the CF theory and other approaches to self-awareness; it also suggests some new research directions.
Changes in self-awareness in incarcerated and nonincarcerated male alcoholics are measured before and after disaccustoming therapy based on Alcoholics Anonymous principles. The four-mode conception of self-awareness of Zaborowski is employed. The results show significant and expected changes in incarcerated participants (in defensive, individual, and reflective modes of self-awareness) and almost no changes in nonincarcerated individuals. An effect of motivation on therapy is also identified. Incarceration appears to be more conducive to recovery than to conditions outside the prison.
The main purpose of the study of the presented article is to prepare the Polish version of the Authentic and Hubristic Pride Scales and to verify its psychometric properties: reliability, and factorial and external validity. Within the study, 210 participants aged between 20 and 56 were administered the following tests: Authentic and Hubristic Pride Scales, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and Moral Feelings Scale. The Polish adaptation of the Authentic and Hubristic Pride Scales was demonstrated to be reliable in its measurement of authentic and hubristic pride. Moreover, factor analyses carried out under different methodological approaches confirmed that the validity of the two-dimensional model of pride and correlations with other psychological variables further support this distinction. The results indicate the validity of the Authentic and Hubristic Pride Scales for studying the two dimensions of pride in the Polish population.
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