The results show that the hybrid models give much better prediction of the wall shear stress and the heat transfer rate along the impingement plate than the pure k-ω RANS model. The good performance of the hybrid models is due to their ability to resolve the evolution and break-up of the vortices in the shear layer of the jet, which strongly affects the turbulent flow and convective heat transfer in the stagnation region and the developing wall-jet region.
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