The present study aims to produce a cosmetic emulsion containing the co-product glycerine, generated in the production of biodiesel by the transesterification of canola oil. The first part of the work consisted in the production of biodiesel by the transesterification of crude canola oil, using potassium hydroxide as catalyst, with a molar ratio of oil:methanol (1:6) and a temperature of 25 °C. The final reaction mixture had to be washed and filtered to obtain biodiesel, which was characterized and considered within the specifications of the National Oil Agency (ANP). The second step was based on the pre-purification of the glycerine by acid hydrolysis, by the addition of concentrated phosphoric acid/crude glycerin in the 2:3 molar ratio. This step was important to remove impurities such as the catalyst and fatty acids to later use the glycerine in the manipulation of the cream. Finally, the formulations of the Lanette® cream were made, one with the pharmaceutical glycerine other for the pre-purified glycerine of the biodiesel, and comparative tests were made among them, which proved the viability of the pre-purification of the residual glycerine of the biodiesel.

In this work, acrylonitrile‐butadiene rubber / poly(methyl methacrylate) (XNBR/PMMA) blends were obtained through in situ polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomer in XNBR rubber particles. Firstly, the XNBR rubber was swollen with MMA and then the polymerization was carried out in an aqueous medium, keeping the rubber particles in suspension. The results of the swelling tests indicated that mass transfer of MMA to rubber particles is more efficient in aqueous system. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analyses revealed the presence of PMMA in the XNBR phase. Thermo‐gravimetrical (TG) analyses indicated that as much as 10% of PMMA was present in the blends. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses revealed that PMMA was dispersed in the XNBR phase, indicating the efficiency of the MMA polymerization inside the XNBR rubber particles.

Due to their diverse properties, plastic materials are used in numerous sectors. It is possible to produce different articles and plastic objects with reduced costs, being more accessible to the population. Conventional plastics are obtained from petroleum-derived raw materials, a non-renewable resource in which their extraction and refining process cause major environmental impacts. The production of plastic reaches a level of approximately one hundred and forty million tons per year, and the disposal of these materials is increasing, generating a high rate of waste and leading to an increase of pollution since the decomposition of these materials lasts about five hundred years old. Conventional plastics can be replaced by bioplastics, a material obtained from renewable raw materials such as potatoes, cassava, maize, and which, when disposed of under favorable conditions, decomposes faster, as during its degradation process at least one step occurs. Through the metabolism of organisms present in the environment. Starch has been widely used in the production of biodegradable packaging, so the objective of this work was to produce a biodegradable bioplastic from the potato starch. Potato starch, glycerin, hydrogen peroxide, distilled water, and commercial agar were used to produce the bioplastic. Bench-scale bioplastics had good organoleptic characteristics, similar in appearance to a conventional plastic obtained from petroleum. The thickness, moisture content, and solubility of the bioplastics were analyzed, as well as their fruit preservation capacity. The samples produced were rigid and with good resistance.

No abstract

Due to their diverse properties, plastic materials are used in numerous sectors. It is possible to produce different articles and plastic objects with reduced costs, being more accessible to the population. Conventional plastics are obtained from petroleum-derived raw materials, a non-renewable resource in which their extraction and refining process cause major environmental impacts. The production of plastic reaches a level of approximately one hundred and forty million tons per year, and the disposal of these materials is increasing, generating a high rate of waste and leading to an increase of pollution since the decomposition of these materials lasts about five hundred years old. Conventional plastics can be replaced by bioplastics, a material obtained from renewable raw materials such as potatoes, cassava, maize, and which, when disposed of under favorable conditions, decomposes faster, as during its degradation process at least one step occurs. Through the metabolism of organisms present in the environment. Starch has been widely used in the production of biodegradable packaging, so the objective of this work was to produce a biodegradable bioplastic from the potato starch. Potato starch, glycerin, hydrogen peroxide, distilled water, and commercial agar were used to produce the bioplastic. Bench-scale bioplastics had good organoleptic characteristics, similar in appearance to a conventional plastic obtained from petroleum. The thickness, moisture content, and solubility of the bioplastics were analyzed, as well as their fruit preservation capacity. The samples produced were rigid and with good resistance.