ObjectiveWe investigated correlations among clinical features, degree of inner ear endolymphatic hydrops (EH), and hippocampal volume (HV) in different stages of Meniere's disease (MD).MethodsFrom February 2021 to April 2022, clinical data were collected from 99 patients (39 males, 60 females, mean age: 50.4 ± 10.0 [range: 26–69] years) with unilateral MD admitted to the Department of Vertigo Disease of Shandong ENT Hospital. The left and right ears were affected in 64 and 35 patients, respectively. There were 50 and 49 cases in early (Stages 1, 2) and late stages (Stages 3, 4), respectively. Fifty healthy participants were included as controls. Audiovestibular function test results, EH grading using gadolinium‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and HV determined on MRI were analyzed for patients at different stages of MD.ResultsBetween‐group comparisons of early and late MD revealed significant differences in the disease course, vestibular function (VF), degree of EH, and HV. There were no significant between‐group differences based on age, sex, affected side, subjective degree of dizziness, hospital anxiety, or depression. Mean HV in patients with early‐stage MD was correlated with the canal paresis value of the caloric test and pure tone hearing threshold, HV in late‐stage patients was correlated with vestibular EH.ConclusionPatients with late‐stage MD exhibited severe auditory and VF impairments, increased EH, and atrophy of the HV. More advanced disease was associated with greater vestibular damage and degree of EH.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 2023
Background: Susceptibility to noise varies dramatically between mice of the same genetic background; however, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unknown. Methods: C57BL/6J (B6) mice of the same sex, age, and strain were exposed to noise of the same intensity and duration, and the auditory brainstem response (ABR) threshold was determined 48 h later. Some mice had significant hearing loss, while some did not; the ABR threshold measured in these two groups of mice was significantly different. The cochlea of the two groups of mice was dissected, and RNA sequencing and analysis were performed. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the two groups were selected, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis was performed, and proteinprotein interaction network maps were listed. Results: This study showed that noise exposure of the same intensity and duration caused different degrees of hearing loss in C57BL/6J (B6) mice. This was the result of the up-regulation or down-regulation of many genes, such as Nop2, Bysl, Rrp9, Spsb1, Fbxl20, and Fbxo31. Changes in the transcriptome of these genes may affect cochlear susceptibility to noise. Conclusion: The DEGs identified in this experiment may provide more insight into protocols for gene therapy in the clinical practice of hearing loss.
IntroductionMénière’s disease (MD), a common disease in the inner ear, is characterized by an increase in endolymph in the cochlear duct and vestibular labyrinth. The pathophysiology of the condition appears to be the immune response. Studies have shown that basal levels of the IL-1β increased in some MD patients.MethodsHere, we used a murine model of endolymphatic hydrops (EH) to study the effect of anakinra on auditory and vestibular function. Mice were intraperitoneal injected with anakinra or saline before LPS by postauricular injection. Weight and disease severity were measured, histologic changes in auditory were assessed, and inflammation state was evaluated.ResultsWe found that anakinra therapy reduced LPS-induced EH, alleviated LPS-induced hearing loss and vestibular dysfunction, and inhibited the expression of the inflammatory cytokines and macrophage infiltration in the cochlea of mice. We further demonstrated that anakinra ameliorated the disorganization and degeneration of myelin sheath, and reduced the neuron damage in cochlea of EH mice.DiscussionConsequently, anakinra contributes to a promising therapeutic approach to MD, by restricting EH, alleviating auditory and vestibular function, inhibiting inflammation of the inner ear and protecting the cochlear nerve. Further investigations are needed to assess the potential therapeutic benefits of anakinra in patients with MD.
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