Backgrounds: One significant problem in hospital is Health Care Associated Infection (HAI’s) and it gives many effects on patients health status.Purpose: This study was aimed to examine the incidence rate of phlebitis, the procedures of IV insertion and the factors that influence the phlebitis case in-patient department at the hospital.Methods: The main method used in this study is descriptive explorative. Started by giving training education for 15 nursing staff , medical doctor and pharmacists. Then they were obseved in doing the procedures of IV incertion, care and documentation by Using Visual Infusion Phlebitis ( VIP) scale then followed by case studies to have clear results in describing the contribution factors which influence the phlebitis incidents.Result: 35 subjects in the experimental group and 35 subjects in the control group completed The result represents that 7 from 72 patients (9,7%) were suffer from phlebitis, 25 patients (34,7%) with IV insertion were not monitored well, 5% nurses did not do the hand washing, 78% did not use the skin perlak for preventing blood to the bed linen. The mode of desinfection direction were 44% circular, 55 % from distal to proximal part, and 11% did not do the desinfectant. 100% the nurses did not documentate the IV monitoring such as the swelling, redness, the size of IV canule and any other skin symptoms of phlebitis. Some medication, insertion side of IV canule on the metacarpal area and flushing procedures were also determinant factor that lead to phlebitis cases.Conclusion: This study conclude that the treatment, care and monitoring IV insertion is a significant and important procedures to prevent phlebitis and automatically becomes an important aspect in preventing Health Care Associated Infection (HAI’s) rate in hospital.
Background:Post stroke patients need to be rehabilitated to improve their body functions to performed daily activity. Mostly conventional rehabilitative therapies were monotonous which may decrease patient's motivation due to repetitive and simple movements. Virtual reality intervention as technology based therapy showing a promises approach that could be applied in stroke rehabilitation. Objective:This literature review aimed to identify various virtual reality interventions and its effectiveness for rehabilitation stroke patients. Methods: An integrative literature review was conducted to search the publication in the data base of Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL and Pubmed in period during 2009 to 2019. The inclusion criteria were randomized control trial, studies that used virtual reality in rehabilitation patients with stroke; free full text articles, and used English language. The exclusion criteria was pilot study. Finally a total of 13 relevant studies included in analysis. Results:All of the articles were randomized control trials published in 2018 or later. The sample size were adults or elderly varied from 20-80 years old with stroke. The sample size varied from 20 to 121 respondents. Nintendo Wii was the most common used as VR intervention. Conclusions:This review shows evidences that suggested the effectiveness of virtual reality intervention in rehabilitation patients with stroke. Most studies supportthe beneficial effects of VR on upper limb motor recovery. Other studies reported the improvement in balance, walking, lower extremity muscle activation, visual perception, brain activity and activity daily living in stroke patients.
The COVID-19 vaccination program continues to be intensified around the world to control widespread coronavirus which continues to mutate. Indonesia affected by COVID-19 and currently accelerating vaccination to the entire population throughout the archipelago in achieving herd immunity. The biggest challenge experienced by Indonesia at this moment is delivering COVID-19 vaccination during the event of natural disasters that continue to occur during 2020-2021 pandemic. This article written based on a review of legitimate Indonesian government sources, supported by research articles and official online news published in English and Indonesian language. The review indicated that Indonesian government committed to accelerate the vaccination with various measures. The Indonesian government's policy, Presidential Decree no. 99 year 2020 specified the provision and implementation of COVID-19 vaccine and initialization of the program across all regions. The government synergizes with community, while cross-sectoral collaboration highly visible upon the developed strategies amid disasters events. The strategies include mapping of disaster area, execute vaccinations in disaster areas, involving military and police in the national vaccine program, and introductory of proactive vaccination procedure by taking advantages of central public facilities for vaccination venue and involvement of health students serving as the vaccinator team. The results of this hard work have been proven to stimulate positive impact since Indonesia's vaccination rate has beyond the WHO target. 93.86% of the Indonesian population have received first dose vaccination, while 75.67% completed two-doses and 9.52% received third dose of COVID-19 vaccine. Indonesia is shifting the country status from pandemic to endemic.
Background: Chronic disease often cause patients feeling anxious in which it give negative consequences on their physical, emotional, social, intelectual and spiritual condition. Nurse can applay complementary therapy such as healing gardens to reduce patient anxiety level. Healing gardens can give comfortable situation, therfore it can improve relaxtation and reduce stress that can make hospitalization shorter. Some researres, results show that healing gardens can improve relaxtation and reduce patients anxiety who are sick. Objective: To identify the relationship between healing gardens toward reducing chronic patients anxiety level in one of Private Hospital in Yogyakarta. Methods: Research design which was done was observation. Population in this research were all chronical hospitalized patient in in one of Private Hospital in Yogyakartaa from August to October 2015. Total sample in this research were 30 respondens who are choosed randomly. Results: The test result of data analysis on the difference of before and after experiencing healing gardens showed p value 0.000 (p value < 0.05), means that healing gardens can reduce chronical panients anxiety level. Conculsion: Healing gardens can reduce anxiety level in chronic illnes patients. Hospital should applay healing gardens toward chronical patients in order to reduce patient anxiety level.
Background: Visitors take part in the occurrence of nosocomial infections. Their hands are a reservoir for microorganisms that can be transmitted to patients as individuals susceptible for secondary infections. Hand washing before and after visiting patients is the easiest way to remove colonies of microorganisms in the hands. The alcohol-based hand rub is available for visitors in the hospital’s rooms but there are no evaluation by hospital managemen. Objective: This study aims to evaluate hand-washing behavior of visitors at a private hospital in Yogyakarta. Methods: Research method used descriptive quantitative survey. Sample was taken by accidental sampling from 2015 - 2017 and got 229 respondents. Data collection by observation in the room includes ICU, ICCU, surgical ward and post partum ward. Results: The result showed that percentage visitors who did not wash their hands before and after entering in the ICU was 50% and 83.33%, in the medical ward was 80% and 81.82%, in the ICCU was 81,73% and 70,19% and in the post partum ward was 57,5% and 30%. Conclusion: The high percentage of respondents who did not wash their hands before and after visiting patients is an important concern because they will carry microorganisms that can be transmitted to others. Suggestions for hospital are to campaign, make banners and leaflets for health promotion of the importance washing hands before and after visiting patients in the hospital for public. Key words: hand washing, visitors, nosocomial infection.
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