European Society of Anaesthesiology.

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Introduction Right ventricular (RV) myocardial dysfunction is a common feature in septic shock. It can worsen outcome, but the etiology is poorly understood. Pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) plays a part in the pathogenesis of the right heart dysfunction in sepsis but its importance is unknown. In pigs, PAH in sepsis is substantial and the translational value of porcine sepsis models therefore questioned. We hypothesized that porcine sepsis causes a myocardial inflammatory response which leads to myocardial dysfunction independent of PAH. Materials and methods Sepsis was induced by Escherichia coli -infusion in 10 pigs resulting in PAH and increased right ventricular pressure (RVP). The same degree of RVP was achieved by external pulmonary artery banding (PAB) in a consecutive series of 6 animals. Results Sepsis, but not PAB, led to increase in endothelial damage marker PAI-1 and cytokines TNF and IL-6 (all p<0.05) in plasma. In myocardium, TNF and IL-6 were significantly elevated in sepsis, TNF in both ventricles and IL-6 mostly in RV, while IL-1β, IL-18 and C5a were significantly higher in RV compared to LV after PAB (all p<0.05). Myocardial mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, IP-10, E-selectin and PAI-1 were significantly elevated in RV and LV during sepsis compared to PAB, while Caspase-1 was decreased in septic compared to PAB animals (all p<0.05). Cathepsin L activity was increased in RV by PAB, while sepsis inhibited this response. Escherichia coli -induced sepsis caused myocardial inflammation independent of PAH. Conclusion Prominent PAH should therefore not exclude porcine sepsis models to further our understanding of human sepsis.

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På side 801 i figurteksten skal det stå: Stiplet linje indikerer D-dimerverdier > 35,2 mg/l FEU. Videre skal det på samme side stå: Dag 7 steg D-dimerverdiene fra 2,8 til 24 mg/l FEU og Grunnet ny D-dimerstigning fra 16 mg/l FEU til 26 mg/l FEU. I figuren på samme side skal det i p-D-dimer-grafen stå mg/l FEU på y-aksen. På side 802 skal det stå: Det forelå ved innkomst respiratorisk alkalose, og D-dimerverdien var 1,9 mg/l FEU. På samme side skal det også stå: Høye D-dimerverdier (> 1,0 mg/l FEU) ved innkomst er i flere studier rapportert å vaere assosiert med økt risiko for død ved covid-19. Vi beklager feilen, den er rettet på nett.