Social development in Sabah, including the construction and upgrading of railways, was important for the state's economic activities. The economic and social needs prompted the British colonial administration to improve the railway facilities. This article discusses the development of railways in Sabah under the British colonial administration between 1881 and 1963. This study seeks to determine if the building of railways in Sabah involved the building of new railway lines or merely the upgrading of existing ones. This study has found that the railways development is evident under the British North Borneo Chartered Company (SBBU) and then rose slowly but consistently under British colonial rule. The length of railways increased considerably as a result of upgrading works by the British after the Second World War. The upgrading of railways contributed to socioeconomic change in Sabah which was visible in the increased agricultural productivity and improvements in the industrial sector. The building of railways also contributed towards economic growth as evident in the increase in new settlement areas, employment opportunities and demographic change in Sabah. Pengenalan Perkidmatan keretapi di Sabah merupakan antara teknologi pengangkutan yang diperkenalkan pada era pentadbiran Syarikat British Borneo Utara (SBBU) pada tahun 1881 hingga tahun 1941. Dalam tempoh tersebut permintaan terhadap perkhidmatan keretapi semakin meningkat sekali gus menyumbang kepada perkembangan ekonomi Sabah dan peningkatan ekonomi pihak British. Keadaan ini berlangsung sehingga Perang Dunia Kedua. Walaupun perkhidmatan keretapi menghadapi kemerosotan semasa Perang Dunia Kedua namun perkhidmatannya masih diteruskan malah telah dipertingkatkan ketika di bawah pentadbiran kolonial British, 1946-1963. British berusaha memulihkan semula perkhidmatan keretapi di Sabah berdasarkan pelan pembangunan sosial yang diperkenalkan. Melalui Pubic Work Department atau Jabatan Kerja Raya penyelenggaraan keretapi telah dilaksanakan antara lain melibatkan projek menaik taraf landasan dan menambah gerabak. Sebagaimana SBBU, kolonial British bertindak meningkatkan semula perkhidmatan keretapi adalah untuk memenuhi keperluan ekonomi. Perubahan Pentadbiran Di Sabah Pada awal abad ke-16, Sabah ditadbir oleh dua kesultanan iaitu Kesultanan Sulu dan Kesultanan Brunei. Sekitar tahun 1662 sehingga 1674, Sabah dibahagikan kepada tiga bahagian utama. Antaranya bahagian Kimanis sehingga Padasan di bawah kuasa Kesultanan Brunei. Seterusnya, bahagian Marudu sehingga Sungai Sibuku di bawah pengaruh Kesultanan Sulu dan kawasan pedalaman yang merupakan kawasan persendirian, sebelum sistem politik kesultanan digunakan dalam proses pentadbiran manakala penduduk di bahagian pedalaman masih mengamalkan sistem pemerintahan berasaskan kesukuan. Setiap pentadbir bahagian pada ketika ini tidak meletakkan dasar khusus untuk melaksanakan pembangunan di Sabah. Walau bagaimanapun, selepas SBBU mengambil alih pentadbiran,
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