The liver is an important organ that plays a role in metabolism in the human body. However, the use of certain types of chemical compounds tends to damage these organs. This study aims to determine the hepatoprotective effectiveness of noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia L.) against exposure to hepatotoxic compounds. This research was conducted by experimental method with Groups I to III treated with noni extract with concentrations of 10, 15, and 20%, respectively. Group IV was treated with acetaminophen, a hepatotoxic substance, as a positive control and group V was treated with Na.CMC as a negative control. Data serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) levels and histopathological examination of the liver of the test animals were then analyzed by One-Way Anova. Histopathological examination results showed hepatotoxicity caused by high doses of acetaminophen 10 g/70 KgBW in the positive control group achieved a score of +4 (severe damage), groups I and II showed a score of +3 (moderate damage), and in group III only showed a score of +3 (moderate damage). +2 (light damage). The results of SGPT examination and histopathology showed that the ethanol extract of noni fruit at a concentration of 20% had a hepatoprotective effect.
Rheumatoid arthritis is an chronic autoimmune disease, which is characterized by inflammation and degradation of the joints and cartilages. Rheumatoid therapy is currently using immunosuppressant drugs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and corticosteroids. Treatment of chronic rheumatoid can trigger side effects. Syzygium polyanthum leaves contain alkaloid compounds, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and essential oils consist of citral and eugenol which are thought to be potential as antirheumatoid. This study aims to determine the effect antirheumatoid arthritis and effective dose of ethanol extracts of Syzygium polyanthum leaf. This study used 15 male rats. Treatment started by measuring foot volume using a pletismometer and then inducting CFA intraplantary as much as 0,1 mL on day 1 and left until day 16th. On the day 17th a foot volume and arthritis index was measured and then treated until the day 30th. The animals were divided into 5 groups: negative control (Na. CMC 1%), positive control (methylprednisolone dose 1.646 mg / kg BW), ethanol extractof Syzygium polyanthum leaf at a dose of 75 mg / kg, 150 mg / kg and 300 mg / kg. On the day 31st, foot volume and arthritis index measurements were taken again. The results showed a decrease in foot volume and arthritis index after given of the extract. Foot volume difference data were analyzed using the One Way Anova test followed by the Post Hoc LSD test. The difference between the arthritis index data was analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis followed by the Mann-Whitney test. Statistical results show that positive control has the same effect as extract (P> 0.05). Based on the results of statistical analysis of inflammation of the foot volume and the arthritis index shows that the ethanol extract of Syzygium polyanthum leaf had an effect as an antirheumatoid arthritis
The wole woe plant empirically in the community in Central Halmaherah district is used to treat various diseases, such as breast anticancer, cysts, vaginal discharge, diabetes mellitus, wounds, dysentery, cholesterol, and uric acid, which is thought to have bioactive compounds, that is antibacterial compounds. Therefore, a study was conducted to determine the antibacterial potential of the ethanol extract of wole woe stems against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis bacteria using the agar diffusion method. The results of the screening test showed activity at a concentration of 0.1% and the results of the minimum inhibitory concentration test (MIC) and the minimum killing concentration test (MBC) obtained 1.6% for Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria. For Bacillus subtilis bacteria, the MIC value is 0.2% and the MBC value is 3.2%. The statistical test results of the inhibition zone diameter data from the antibacterial activity test against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis bacteria showed that there was a difference in the ability to inhibit bacterial growth between the positive control and the test concentration group of 2.5%, 5% and 10%. The results obtained from the ethanol extract of wole woe stems have potential as antibacterial.
Johar (Cassia siamea Lamk.) leaves widely used as a traditional medicine. Johar leaves contain chemical compounds such us alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, sitosterol and barakol which have effect of treatment for several diseases including inflammatory. This study aims to determine anti-inflammatory effect of chloroform fraction C.siamea leaves. This study was conducted using 15 Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: control group who were given suspension of Na.CMC 1% w / v, the comparison group were given diclofenac sodium suspension 0.35 mg / kg, the test group dose of 75 mg / kg, the test group dose of 150 mg / kg and a test group of 300 mg / kg. Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity was done by measured initial volume of the foot all test animal then given the drug orally according to dosage of its group. After 30 minutes, each group made inflammatory by induced karagen 1% 0.1 mL by intraplatar. Furthermore, inflammation's degrees was measured every hour for 8 hours. The results obtained show that after 2 hours, inflammatory of the control group Na.CMC had increased much higher compared to the other groups. This is shows that Na.CMC doesn't have effects anti-inflammation. The comparison group diclofenac sodium gave the best inhibitory effect that have been shown from an increase volume of feet smaller than the test group chloroform fraction of Johar leaves. While in chloroform fraction of Johar leaves test group, group with dosage 75 mg/kg gave an inhibitory effect better than the other test group dosage.
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