Background:The Malaysian nurses encounter many barriers in their involvement in clinical research [and also in research utilization (RU)]. Objective: This cross-sectional survey utilized a self-administered questionnaire within a study population of the Malaysian nurses working in a government hospital to determine the level of involvement of nurses in clinical research at Hospital Putrajaya from May to August 2015, which led to an assessment of the level of association between a list of pre-specified demographic and job-related characteristics and the involvement of nurses in clinical research, in order to identify any plausible factors which might have an association with either facilitating or hindering these nurses from their involvement in clinical research. Methods: After having prepared and validated the self-administered questionnaires for this study, they were then distributed to a total of 406 nurses working in Hospital Putrajaya. This self-administered questionnaire was specifically designed to achieve the objectives of this study which aimed to collect the baseline socio-demographic information of the respondents, and also information pertaining to their nursing practice and their participation in activities that were related to nursing research. Results: This study had provided some valuable insights into several plausible factors that were associated with the low level of involvement of Malaysian nurses in clinical research. Conclusion: The study provides valuable information for formulating strategies to increase nurses' participation in research activities at Hospital Putrajaya by providing more research training opportunities and enhancing the level of awareness and increasing the accessibility to these resources by the nurses.
In Kelantan, the prevalence of Tuberculosis (TB) treatment success rate among TB/HIV co-infection is still below the success target of the World Health Organisation (WHO). Our objective was to assess the socio-demographic profile and determine the prevalence of TB treatment outcomes among TB/HIV co-infected patients in Kelantan. The cross-sectional study involved secondary data from the MyTB online system from January 2014 to December 2018, carried out at TB/Leprosy Sector, State Health Department of Kelantan. The data were analysed using SPSS version 25.0 and STATA version 14. The ethics approval was obtained from the UniSZA Human Research Ethics Committee (UHREC) and Medical Research Ethics Committee (MREC) of Ministry of Health (MOH). There were 6,313 TB cases in Kelantan. Of these, 703 (11.1%) cases were TB/HIV co-infection. However, 36 cases were excluded, and 667 cases were evaluated based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The mean (SD) age was 38.7 (7.9) years, and the mean duration of TB treatment was 202.8 (131.27) days. The prevalence of successful treatment was 57.1%, with 19.8% cases were cured, and another 37.3% cases were completed treatment. While the unsuccessful were 42.9%, with 10.1% cases were defaulted, and 32.8% cases died. The successful outcomes were significantly associated with the educational level, the anatomy of TB location, smoking status, DOTS by health care providers, source of notification, the place of treatment and method of detection. This study provides the basic data of patient’s socio-demographic profiles, and the prevalence of TB treatment success in Kelantan is under international target by WHO of ≥ 90.0%.
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