Stroke adalah cedera serebral atau serangan otak yang terjadi karena kurangnya aliran darah dan oksigen ke otak yang terkait dengan obstruksi aliran darah ke otak atau pecahnya pembuluh darah serebral sehingga gangguan aliran oksigen ke otak menyebabkan hipokxia dan penderita mengalami gangguan kualitas tidur. Tujuan kajian ini adalah memastikan efek kepala atas posisi 30o terhadap saturasi oksigen dan kualitas tidur pada pasien stroke di rumah sakit Dr. Soedarsono, Pasuruan. Desain studi ini quasi eksperimental dengan kelompok kontrol Nonequivalent. Populasi adalah pasien dengan stroke pada 14 Januari-9 Februari 2019 jumlah 34 pasien, sampel digunakan sampling berturut-turut. Hasil pada tes Mann-Whitney memperoleh nilai P = 0,000 (P < 0,05) dan P = 0,001 (P < 0,05) yang berarti bahwa ada efek memberi kepala posisi 30o dalam kelompok pengobatan dan kelompok kontrol yang tidak diberikan intervensi untuk meningkatkan nilai saturasi oksigen dan kualitas tidur pada pasien stroke. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menambahkan terapi posisi Head up 30 º dalam pelayanan keperawatan untuk meningkatkan saturasi oksigen dan kualitas tidur stroke pasien.
Soil-transmitted helminths (STH) are the worms which transmitted through the soil. The people of Dusun Semen, Grogol, Kediri have a habit of defecating in the river. Farmers who work in direct contact with water and soil is possible to be infected with STH. The purpose of this study was to determine STH species in water, soils, and farmer's fecal samples. Water samples were collected from three spots of river A and B, soil samples from 43 rice fields, and fecal samples from 50 farmers. Water samples were examined by sedimentation, soil samples by floatation, and fecal samples by Kato-Katz method. The data were then analyzed by Chi square test. Out of 18 water samples, 12 samples (66.7%) were positive, consisted of 4 samples (22.2%) contained of Ascaris lumbricoides and 8 samples (44.4%) contained Trichuris trichiura. Total soil samples were 129, where 8 samples (6.2%) were positive for A. lumbricoides, and 10 samples (7.7%) for T. trichiura. Out of 50 villagers, only 39 gave the fecal samples, where 12 samples (31.0%) were positive consisted of 5 samples (12.8%) for A. lumbricoides, 8 samples (20.5%) for T.trichiura. In conclusion, the STH species found in the media of water, soil, and feces of farmers are the similar namely A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura. Positive farmer samples prove STH transmission from STH contaminated water and soil.Keyword: Water, soil, feces, soil transmitted helminths
<p class="AbstractNormal"><strong><em><span lang="EN-ID">Introduction</span>: </em></strong><em>Height affected by various factor. One factor that can affect female’s height is menarcheal age. Sexual hormone in female’s body will be activated at menarche and it will stimulate the closure of epiphyseal plate. Final height in female with late menarche is higher than female with early menarche. While in goiter endemic areas with Iodine Deficiency Disorder especially in mountain area, it has earlier menarcheal age than normal female that live in non goiter endemic area. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between age at menarche and height endemic goiter.</em></p><p class="AbstractNormal"><strong><em>Method</em></strong><em>s: This study was an observational study with cross-sectional design. It was held in the goiter endemic Ngargoyoso, Karanganyar. Samples of women aged over 20 years with upright posture that live in Ngargoyoso were obtained by simple random sampling, then measuring the height using statometer and obtaining menarcheal age by questioner. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation test (α = 0.05), which had previously been tested for normality by Kolmogorov Smirnov.</em></p><p class="AbstractNormal"><strong><em>Results: </em></strong><em>The mean age of menarche sample was 13.38 years with the lowest age of 11 years and the highest age of 18 years. While the average height was 156.8 cm samples with the lowest height was 139 cm and the highest was 168 cm. Pearson correlation test results showed that height was significantly associated with age at menarche woman endemic goiter (p = 0.001).</em></p><p class="AbstractNormal"><strong><em>Conclusions: </em></strong><em>Age of menarche associated with height in an endemic goiter area.<br />The earlier age of menarche will affect the final height of the woman.</em></p><p class="Keywords"> </p>
Background: Anatomy is one of basic science in medicine. As doctors are obligated to assure their service is safe and efficient, they need to master anatomy science to support their work on comprehend the patient condition. In another condition, there is a shifting on medical curricula that impacted on decrease of anatomy instructional hours. This condition result in lower of anatomy academic achievement among medical students. The third of ten question Harden in curriculum development, that is what content should be included? need to be resolved so that the limited time available can be utilized as well as possible. This study aims to achieve national scope consensus among anatomical expert about anatomical material course that must be delivered to medical students.Method: This study was design in qualitative approach with specified method of two round Delphi Technique. Using purposive sampling method, the subject of study involved was 20 experts of anatomical science in Indonesia. The questionnaire as instrument in this study arranged based on anatomy text book. The first Delphi purpose to select the anatomical course material and additional course material. The second Delphi round intent to provide level range from 1-4. The consensus level established by the researcher at 80% point.Results: The first Delphi round result in 760 anatomy topics consist of 636 original material arranged by researcher and 124 additional material added by the Delphi panel. Additional materials are osteomyology and sesnsory system. The second Delphi round agree 64% material of first Delphi round (489).Conclusion: Indonesian anatomical experts agree in which not all of anatomy material need to be learned by medical student. Their consensus is about 64% of all the material that must be learned.
Background: Anatomy is a very important basic science in medical education. However, the advance of science and technology affected medical curriculum. One of the changes is the decreased time available for anatomy learning. Therefore, an anatomy lecturer needs to sort and choose from many existing anatomical materials to adjust with time allocation. The purpose of this study is to gain consensus on what minimum anatomical knowledge is for a physician candidate in order to practice safely. Method: This study was design in qualitative approach with two round Delphi Technique. Using purposive sampling method, the subjects of the study were 20 general-physicians in Indonesia. The questionnare was arranged based on anatomy text book and the research about anatomic core syllabus. The firts Delphi aimed to select the anatomical course material and additional course material. The second Delphi round intended to provide level range from 1-4. The consensus level established by researcher at 60% point.Results: There is not any additional topics in the first Delphi round. So the number of first and second round topics is 270 topics. The Delphi second round agree that anatomic core syllabus of circulation system is 110 of 270 topics. There are 30 topics of cor, 3 topics of pericardium, 10 topics of mediastinum, 37 topics of artery, 9 topics of vena, 9 topics of lymphathic system, 4 topics of postnatal circulation, 5 topics of prenatal circulation, and 3 topics of portal hepatic system.Conclusion: The anatomy core syllabus consists of 110 of the 270 anatomical circulatory system topics.
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