<p>One of Indonesia's coastal areas that have successfully utilize its natural potential is Demak Regency, Central Java. In 2018, Demak Regency Salt production had reached 172,446 tons. The production was driven by government policies in the form of assistance and empowerment of the people's salt business for salt farmers in each village in Demak. This study aims to determine whether the people's salt business empowerment program (PUGAR) has been running effectively or not in Demak Regency, Central Java. The data used in this study were obtained based on survey results and interviews with salt farmers in eleven villages in Demak Regency, Central Java. The research design used accidental sampling to select 32 respondents in Demak. The analytical method used is a qualitative descriptive analysis using several indicators, namely the formation of a community salt business group (KUGAR), channeling assistance from PUGAR to salt farmers, mentoring and training, and also enhancing technology to increase the productivity of salt farmers. The results showed that of eleven villages in Demak District, eight villages had implemented PUGAR programs. However, overall this program has not had a significant impact on the welfare of salt farmers in Demak Regency, Central Java.</p>
Setiap negara pastinya memiliki keinginan untuk meningkatkan kesejahtaraan masyarakatnya, begitu pula Indonesia. Indonesia adalah salah satu negara berkembang yang masih belum mengalami kesejahteraan yang baik, terkhusus pada fasilitas kesehatan. Hal tersebut tercermin di DKI Jakarta yang dikatakan sebagai ibu kota negara, dimana masih terjadi ketidakmerataan fasilitas kesehatan yang memadai. Kesehatan masyarakaat adalah hal penting karena kesehatan merupakan indeks kesejahteraan dengan melihat produktivitas serta kualitas manusianya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat efisiensi sistem Kesehatan di Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Pendekatan yang dilakukan untuk melihat efisiensi fasilitas kesehatan ini dengan metode DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) dengan melihat variabel rasio dokter umum puskesmas per 100.000 penduduk, rasio perawat per 100.000 penduduk, rasio RS umum dan khusus per 100.000 penduduk dan rasio Puskesmas per 100.000 penduduk. Sementara penggunaan output nya berupa angka harapan hidup (AHH). Berdasarkan hasil analisis, Jakarta Utara merupakan satu-satunya kota yang efisien dalam manajemen sistem kesehatannya selama tahun observasi. Pada tahun 2017-2018 terdapat satu tambahan kota yang efisien dalam manajemen sistem kesehatannya yaitu Jakarta Barat.
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