The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of communication and conflict resolution skills training on marital satisfaction among Iranian couples based on PREPARE-ENRICH program. In this study, marital satisfaction was measured by ENRICH Marital Satisfaction. The methodology of this study was experimental method; with pre-test, post-test, and control group design. Purposive sampling was conducted to select the sample that was included 54 couples who were consisted of all couples referred to the researcher by counselling centres. The referrals were done for about two months in 2009. These couples were randomly assigned to an experimental and a control group as well. The dependent variables were marital satisfaction, and the independent variables were communication and conflict resolution skills training. Consequently, the results indicated that communication and conflict resolution skills training improved marital satisfaction (p< .05). Moreover, the results showed that communication and conflict resolution training was effective in martial satisfaction in post-test (p<.05). In conclusion the findings of this study indicated that the on PREPARE-ENRICH program can be effective in improving marital satisfaction among Iranian couples.

A great majority of the middle-aged women experience some degenerative physical symptoms, specifically pelvic prolapse which affected their quality of life. Accordingly, they may experience marital distress, divorces and depression. For younger women, among college students, cybersex addiction may likely affect their academic performances. Female are double as compared to male in the sexual addiction. Recent findings indicate that, spiritual wellbeing is the most satisfied domain among women in Malaysia. Yet, it does not correlate well with other domains, especially in economic. For single mothers, socio-economic status is indeed in crisis. Hence, there is a need to capitalize women's spirituality as inner resources for Muslim women's wellbeing. Therefore, we conceptualize a holistic model for Muslim Malaysian women wellbeing that integrates physical-sexual, socio-economical, and psycho-spiritual domains. Theoretically, this model helps to delineate Islamic transcendental theory that explains spiritual wellbeing permeates overall wellbeing. Finally, implications on counseling process are suggested

This study examined the effects of communication and conflict resolution skills training on mental health among
Iranian couples based on the PREPARE/ENRICH program. In this study, mental health was measured by
General Health Questionnaires (GHQ28). The study adopted a pre- and post-control group design in
emphasizing the effects of communication training and conflict resolution skills on mental health. The
participants in this research consisted of couples who were referred to the researcher by counseling center. The
referrals were done for about two months in 2009. Their problems included marital problems and marital
conflicts, commonly categorized as marital dissatisfaction, which were identified after a formal interview, testing
and screening. In order to assign the experimental and control groups, purposive random sampling was employed.
One hundred and eight participants comprised of 54 married couples were divided equally between control and
experimental groups and the training sessions lasted for eight weeks. In this training program, researchers
focused on the dependent variable of mental health, while communication and conflict resolution skills training
were the independent variables. Specifically, the t-test statistical analysis was employed to test for the potential
significant differences in couples’ scores of mental health between (i) the pre- and post-training scores for
couples of the experimental group; and (ii) between the post-training scores for the couples of the two groups.
The results indicated that teaching communication and conflict resolution skills had significant positive effects
on the mental health scores obtained from the studied couples

Researchers have identified work-family conflict as one of the major stressors in the workplace leading to various negative outcomes, including impaired well-being. Although many studies have been conducted on the experience of work-family conflict on dual-earner couples, only a few were conducted on single parent employees. This study examines workfamily conflict among single mother employees and its antecedents including dispositional (locus of control and perfectionism), job (role overload, role conflict and job flexibility) and organizational (supervisor support) factors. Data were gathered from 159 Malaysian single mother employees using self-administered questionnaires. The findings of the study indicated that 66% of the single mother employees experienced moderate to high levels of work-family conflict. The factors that characterize employees disposition including locus of control and perfectionism, their job factors including role conflict and role overload, as well as their supervisors' support contributed significantly (51%) to work-family conflict. The findings imply the need for measures to be taken by employees, human resource managers and organizations pertaining to the antecedent factors to help reduce the level of work-family conflict.

This study examined whether, Emotional Intelligence (EI) can be considered as predictor for mental health and explored also the moderating effect of age on the link between EI with mental health among high school students. The participants in the study included 10^th, 11^th, and 12^th grade students from 8 public high schools in Gorgan City, north of Iran. They were 247 high school students, specifically comprised of 124 boys and 123 girls, age ranged between 15 to 17 years old (83, Fifteen; 82, Sixteen; 82, Seventeen). The research design was an ex post facto and tested of alternative hypotheses. Two valid and reliable instruments were used to measure EI and mental health. Data analysis included frequencies, percentages, mean scores, simple regressions and moderated regressions. The result demonstrated that mental health can be influences by EI. In addition, age is not significant moderator for the relationships between EI with mental health

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(1) Background: The closure of schools and the transition to online teaching because of the COVID-19 pandemic’s restrictions have resulted in significant changes in the workplace. Consequently, several resilience strategies have been implemented, and chief among them focus on the topic of burnout and coping abilities; (2) Purpose: Thus, this study investigates the influence of self-esteem, dispositional hope, and mattering on teacher resilience, and how crisis self-efficacy and gender differences mediate and moderate the relationships among associated variables. (3) Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with a cluster random sampling. A total of 248 secondary school teachers in Malaysia participated in this study. Questions were first transferred and formatted using a template of a commercial internet survey provider. Then, the university’s online learning platform was used both as a questionnaire distribution channel and a data collection method. Data analysis was conducted using structural equation modeling (SEM) with a partial least squares method; (4) Results: The findings of this study revealed that self-esteem, dispositional hope, and mattering significantly influence teacher resilience, and crisis self-efficacy mediates the impact of self-esteem and dispositional hope on teacher resilience. In some instances, the results also showed that gender has a moderating effect on teacher resilience during the pandemic; (5) Conclusions: This study used psychological factors to understand teacher resilience and incorporated crisis self-efficacy into teacher resilience research. It is one of the very few studies in resilience literature to investigate the moderating role of gender on teacher resilience.

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