This research was aimed to investigate the capability of a combined system of activated sludge and microfiltration processes with backflushing technique to reduce organic carbon and nitrogen compounds in hazardous landfill leachates. The experiments included acclimation, batch and continuous processes. The continuous process was conducted with a 24 hour HRT (Hydraulic Retention Time), and the SRT (Solid Retention Time) ranged from 16 to 36 days. The aeration basin volume was 5 L and the membrane filter used was a hollow fiber module made from polypropylene with pore size of 0.2 microm. The batch process (without membrane separation) achieved its steady state condition over a period of 33 days. The removal of COD, BOD5 and ammonia-N were 52.5%, 94.3% and 75.5%, respectively. The kinetic parameters obtained are as followed: the maximum specific growth rate constant (microm): 0.96/day and the saturation substrate constant (Ks): 16,445.32 mg/L. The high value of Ks indicated that the leachate was not easily biodegraded. The continuous process revealed that the system with SRT of 32 days was more stable than that of 16 and 24 days. The reduction of COD, BOD5 and ammonia-N were 31.3%; 66% and 98%, respectively. The stable flux was achieved around 5 L/m2 x hour.
Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) is one of the infrastructures and systems in the manufacturing industry. This system serves to treat wastewater coming from boiler machines, which are used to produce steam to support the tire and tube production process of manufacturing companies, which are the object of our research. Wastewater from this boiler machine is alkaline and contains solids that are harmful to the ecosystem and the environment, so it needs to be processed so that wastewater can be discharged into drains. The process is not by following the standards; it can affect the quality of the process water so that water that is discharged into drains or water bodies violates government regulations. In this case, the pH standard of water is in a neutral state whose values are between 6 and 9 and is clear in color. Therefore, we conducted research that is designing a system to control and monitor the process at the wastewater treatment plant automatically. The design of this control system is done by adding sensors and actuators that are connected to the modular PLC that is the control system. This system is also designed to be connected to a PC (Personal Computer) as a monitoring system so that the process can be monitored continuously. Display interface created using HMI (Human Machine Interface) software. This is because many features that allow for a more attractive appearance. With this system, it can be sure that the boiler wastewater treatment process is more consistent and efficient in maintaining pH standards, and the process is monitored in real-time.
Handling of Covid-19 patients requires more medical equipment than normal conditions, increasing the amount of hazardous medical waste. The management of hazardous medical waste has many challenges; therefore, it needed a strategy to solve it using information technology. Based on a filter of 376 articles, this review adopted a Systematic Literature Review approach to evaluating the recent challenge and recommendation in the field of Hazardous Medical Waste Management amidst Covid-19. Through a four-phase workflow consisting of searching, screening, excluded, and included literature search, this study identified the most influential journals, scholars, and articles that have been influential in the domain of Hazardous Medical Waste Management. These literature review results are four challenges in Hazardous Medical Waste Management, including Regulation, Technology, Financial and Awareness. The other finding is IT application recommendations such as IoT, Big Data, DSS, AI and GIS. By providing the latest research about the challenges and recommendations in the domain of Hazardous Medical Waste Management amidst Covid-19, the paper serves as a preliminary recommendation for practitioners and researchers to link current research to future trends.
The Jakarta regulation for waste cooking oil (WCO) shows the desired WCO to Biodiesel supply chain through the DKI Jakarta Governor Regulation Number 167 the Year 2016. Still, the implementation of said regulation proved inefficient. The study aims to analyze the risks in the supply chain because the WCO to Biodiesel supply chain is vulnerable to different risks than the typical supply chain and the green supply chain. The method used in this research is the group analytical hierarchy process (G-AHP) approach to create a consensus model between actors of the supply chain. Deep interviews were conducted with six experts to identify the risks and the normal scale was used to quantify their preference. Then, the PriEst software assisted the risk weight calculation, AHP matrix validation, and consensus modelling. The findings show the supply chain is vulnerable to 23 risks, categorized into six risk categories. The three risks that cause the most uncertainties in the supply chain are supply chain design risk, key supplier risk, and financial source risk. Technology risks and asset failure risks are the least concern because most WCO conversion is not done in Indonesia. These findings would be useful for the government to focus its effort on the most critical risks.
The 35 Community Health Centers in Depok City have limited resources and other duties besides serving patients. This limitation makes the Community Health Centers difficult to comply with the regulation of Regulation of Environmental and Forestry Ministry Number 56 Year 2015 on “Procedures and Technical Requirement of Hazardous Waste Management from Healthcare Facilities”, therefore there is need for adjustments and appropriate decision making in hazardous waste management, which can be done using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) methods. AHP methods use 3 principles, which is hierarchy making, priority determination, and consistency ratio. The objective of this research is to choose the most optimal alternative for hazardous medical waste management, starting from reducing, sorting, storing, transporting, treatment, until burial. After conducting pair comparison from all respondent, the data processing is done using Expert Choice 11 software. This software helps in choosing alternatives via many criteria by inputting the comparison value from each respondent and display the priority value from each alternatives. The chosen alternative is as follows: reducing wasteby a good housekeeping, sorting phase with two containers or plastic bags, storing phase with freezer as described in Regulation of Environmental and Forestry Ministry Number 56 Year 2015, transportation phase using closed truck, off-site treatment, and burialusing secure landfill.
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