Barnevernet kan gjennomføre adopsjoner av fosterbarn uten biologiske foreldres samtykke. Dette representerer en betydelig utøvelse av statlig makt, og norsk rett krever saerlig tungtveiende grunner for å tillate adopsjon. Det er også sjelden slike adopsjoner gjøres i Norge. Artikkelen undersøker hvordan befolkningen vurderer adopsjon som barneverntiltak, og om de er på linje med politikerne og retten i dette spørsmålet. Vi har gjennomført en surveyundersøkelse til et representativt utvalg (n = 1000) av den norske befolkningen om synet på barnevernsadopsjon. Resultatene fra studien viser at befolkningen generelt synes å vaere positive til adopsjon som tiltak i barnevernet, og at politikerne synes å vaere på linje med befolkningen. Synet på verdien av biologiske bånd i befolkningen varierer med politisk orientering, alder, kjønn og inntekt, men majoriteten er av den oppfatning at fordelene med adopsjon trumfer verdien av biologiske bånd. Når det kommer til bruk av tvang, er befolkningen delt i sitt syn. Vi tror våre funn skyldes at et barneperspektiv har fått større plass i det norske samfunnet.

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Childhood economic conditions are important for adult health, and welfare regimes may modify this relationship by altering exposure to social determinants of health. We examine the association between childhood economic stress (CES) and self-rated health (SRH) and cancer (any type), and how welfare regimes may influence these associations. We used data from European Social Survey round 7. Our study is based on 30 024 individuals between 25 to 75 years from 20 European countries grouped into five welfare regimes (Scandinavian, Anglo-Saxon, Bismarckian, Southern and Eastern). Multilevel models were used to assess the association between CES and SRH/cancer, and interactions between CES and welfare regimes. CES increased the risk of poor SRH (RR 1.41, 95% CI 1.29–1.54) and cancer (RR 1.19, 95% CI 1.02–1.37). Controlling for adult socioeconomic status slightly reduced risk for poor SRH, but not cancer. CES increased the probability of poor SRH in the Southern and Eastern regime, and the probability of cancer in the Anglo-Saxon regime, relative to the Scandinavian regime. Childhood economic stress increases the risk of poor self-rated health and cancer. More comprehensive welfare states mitigate these associations, which emphasizes the impact of welfare policies on long-term health outcomes of childhood economic conditions.

This article provides a comparative analysis of three central policies to regulate low wages: statutory minimum wages, state support for collective bargaining and topping up low wages with public transfers (in-work benefits). We map the variation of these policies across 33 OECD countries and analyze the incidence of low-wage employment they are associated with. We find three approaches to regulating low wages. In the first, ‘wage scale protection’, states put most emphasis on supporting collective bargaining. In the second, ‘bare minimum’, there is not much else than the statutory minimum wage. In the third, ‘state pay’, the statutory minimum wage is supplemented by sizeable public financial support for low earners. When analyzing policy outcomes, ‘wage scale protection’ is associated with least low-wage employment. For ‘bare minimum’, much depends on the level of the statutory minimum wage. Although ‘state pay’ props up workers’ disposable income, many workers receive low gross pay.