Globe artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) is an herbaceous, edible plant and is cultivated for its immature head (bud) part. In 2016 and 2017, significant damages due to rots on the heads of globe artichoke plants were observed in the farmer fields in the Western Mediterranean Region of Turkey. To determine the cause of the rots, samples were taken from necrotic tissues. Fungal isolates were obtained by the agar-plate method and examined in detail. Based on the morphological and ITS region of the rDNA of the isolates, the causal agent of the disease was determined as Botrytis cinerea Pers. that was previously reported in the USA and Argentina. To our knowledge, this is the first publication that reports the occurrence and prevalence of B. cinerea that causes head rots and economic losses in globe artichoke production in the Western Mediterranean Region of Turkey. Although B. cinerea is a common plant pathogenic fungus with a wide range of hosts and little is known Botrytis rot of globe artichoke in Turkey. With this study, the causal agent of the disease was identified, and the status of the disease in globe artichoke growing areas and the influence of the disease on the production were investigated. Surveys were conducted in seven locations (Muratpaşa, Kepez, Aksu, Serik, Manavgat, Gazipaşa, and Kumluca) in the Western Mediterranean Region in 2016 and 2017. A simple random sampling method was used in the surveys and a total of 95 samples were selected from 79 fields in both years.Mean disease incidence and prevalence were 14.7 and 37.0% in 2016, and while they were 17.5 and 51.1% in 2017, respectively. This study revealed that B. cinerea has a significant impact on globe artichoke production by inducing head rots and accordingly 16.1% annual yield loss in pre-harvest period.
Vegetables, sources of macro and micronutrients such as carbohydrate, fat, protein, vitamin and minerals are important for human nutrition. In vegetable production, fungal diseases can cause significant economic losses and plant protection studies are of great importance to prevent these losses. The aim of this project is to detect the fungal diseases and prevalence that mainly damage the production of lettuce, parsley, dill, arugula, and cress. This study conducted in Central Anatolia Region was carried out in the provinces of Eskişehir, Ankara, and Konya between 2015-2017. Morphological and molecular diagnosis of fungal diseases and prevalence rates were determined in the region. Isolations were made from the diseased plants and the isolates were stored at-20 ºC and-80 ºC. As a result of the studies Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Fusarium oxysporum, and Alternaria alternata in lettuce; Septoria petroselini, Fusarium oxysporum, and Rhizoctonia solani in parsley; Erysiphe heraclei in dill; Albugo candida in both arugula and cress were detected.
White clover (Trifolium repens L.), commonly accepted as a forage crop, is a perennial legume plant. Environmentalists, park and garden designers pay attention to white clover due to its characteristics such as covering the ground, resistance to stepping, nice view, and short growing. Additionally, because of its tolerance to the shade, it is used as a cover plant in orchards to establish turfgrass areas. In 2015, surveys were conducted to turfgrass areas where parks and gardens, golf courses, recreation areas, stadiums, picnic areas, and refuges in İstanbul,
Determination of the inoculum sources of angular leaf spot disease caused byPseudocercospora griseola, on common beansPseudocercospora griseola, the causal agent of angular leaf spot, has caused serious damage on local bean genotypes in bean greenhouses in Zonguldak, Bartın, and Karabük provinces of Turkey. The disease begins as angular spots on leaves which are followed by quick death of leaves and it causes deep brown wounds on the seeds. Since bean producers use their domestic seeds, infected seeds increase the inoculum source year by year and distribute the disease to close by provinces. Therefore, determination of the inoculum source of angular leaf spot disease agent, P. griseola on the locally cultivated bean genotypes was aimed. For this purpose, seeds with suspected symptoms of the disease and diseased plant debris were collected from the greenhouses where the disease is seen every year and analyzed in the laboratory in 2013. Then trials were established with the diseased seeds planted in uninfected soil and healthy seeds planted in diseased plant debris mixed with uninfected soil. As a result of the experiments, it was determined that angular leaf spot of beans was carried by seeds and diseased plant debris in the Western Black Sea Region.Keywords: Pseudocercospora griseola, bean, seed, inoculum source ÖZFasulyede köşeli yaprak lekesine neden olan Pseudocercospora griseola ülkemizde Zonguldak, Bartın ve Karabük illerindeki seralarda, yerel fasulye genotiplerinde ciddi zararlara neden olmaktadır. Hastalık önce yapraklarda küçük köşeli lekelerle başlamakta, sonra hızla tüm yaprakları kurutmakta, tohumlarda derin kahverengi yaralara sebep 1 TAGEM tarafından desteklenen TAGEM-BS-10 /10-01/02-05 nolu doktora projesinin bir bölümüdür ve VI. Bitki Koruma Kongresinde poster olarak sunulmuştur.
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