The purpose of this study was to: (1) to determine the effect of problem-based learning (PBL) model on critical thinking skill, and (2) to determine the effect of PBL model on environmental attitude. This study used a quasi-experiment model with a pretestposttest control group design. The subjects of this study were students of Social Sciences Education Program, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Indonesia, academic year 2018/2019. The sampling technique used purposive sampling and determined 25 subjects in each experimental and control class. Data collection used a test as an instrument of critical thinking skill and a questionnaire that were used to know the students' environmental attitude. The data analysis used independent sample t-test. The results showed: 1) there is a significant influence of PBL model on students' critical thinking skill (p=0.010) and 2) there is a significant influence of PBL model on students' environmental attitude (p=0.000). The PBL model has higher influence on critical thinking skill and environmental attitude than to conventional model. The use of problem-based learning models in activities to solve environmental problems encourages students' critical thinking skills to foster an environmental attitude.
PBHL is a learning model that combines PBL with hybrid learning. This study aims to 1) determine the effect of the PBHL model on spatial thinking ability and 2) determine the effect of the PBHL model on geography learning outcomes. This study uses a quasi-experimental design of the pretest-posttest control group. The research subjects were students of the Social Sciences Education Program, Uni-versitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Indonesia. The selection of research subjects uses purposive sampling and obtained the experimental class (32 students) and the control class (28 students). This study uses the instrument of spatial thinking ability adopted from Huynh and Sharpe in the form of multiple choice tests and the instrument of learning outcomes assessment in the form of essay tests. Data were analyzed with an independent sample t-test which was previously tested for normality and homogeneity prerequisites. The results of the study concluded that 1) the PBHL model had a significant effect on spatial think-ing ability and 2) the PBHL model had a significant effect on geography learning outcomes. The average gain score of spatial thinking ability and geography learn-ing outcomes in the experimental class is higher than the control class. Sugges-tions for further research with different subjects and variables, integrated e-learning application should be used to make the planning and implementation of PBHL learning easier and more successful.
Considering the fulfillment of coastal communities' needs and welfare must be prioritized by the Wakatobi National Park management. The study aimed to describe the social adaptation of Bajo Mola community in the Wakatobi National area. The research method used descriptive qualitative with data collection through observation, in-depth interviews, documentation and literature review and analysed using triangulation models. The results showed Bajo Mola is one of the communities that lives depend on the sea. The total number of Bajo Mola fishers is 3,358 of 8,048 total people (41.72%). Based statistics data certain impacts on marine conservation, but the Wakatobi National Park area also has impacts on the socio-economic growth of the community. That Bajo Mola community interpreted the sea as a source of life. Since the regional autonomy formed on Wakatobi Regency and appointed as the Wakatobi National Park, the management has encouraged the community to be more creative using the marine resources. Even though traditional fisherman was still developing until now, the businessmen with the aquaculture innovations have supported the community to get the maximum profit. The strategy used was by processing dried fish, grouper farming, and having loing technology. Farming activities and loing technology have a positive impact on the Bajo community by facilitating fishers to sell their catch. Also, marketing access directs to be more extensive in foreign countries.
The research aimed to interpret the perceptions of early marriage, the union of two people in which one or both are under 18 years of age, through a phenomenological approach. The analysis was performed using observation techniques along with participation in in-depth interviews supported with an inductive approach of documentation analysis. The results showed that the society in Bawean Island, Indonesia, perceived the need for early marriage of 15-16 years old girls as matchmaking, avoidance of the social sanction of fornication and out-of-wedlock pregnancy, and as an economical solution for parents to shift responsibility. The results further showed that matchmaking and the avoidance of fornication are significant motivators for early marriage. Also, it was found that early marriages caused adverse effects on the wife, husband, and children. The effects are related to cases of pregnancy complication for the wife and psychological stress for the husband. The effect on children born of the early marriage is mainly neonatal infant mortality. The solutions offered to support the population development target and decrease early marriage numbers are to improve access to health facilities and information for women, and overcome cultural and social norms by discussing the impacts of early marriage with social and religious figures and stakeholders. The research can be used by the National Population and Family Planning Board (Indonesia) to decrease the number of early marriages in society.
Abstract:The objective of this research and development is to produce: (1) E learning materials based on the material Edmodo lithosphere grade X, (2) virtual classroom Edmodo, and (3) Edmodo guide books for teachers and students. Data were collected by using a validation sheet and questionnaire. Qualitative data are derived from expert validation of material, language, and learning design, while quantitative data derived from student questionnaires. Results of the research are: (1) E learning instructional materials contained in the web categorized of well, (2) the virtual classroom Edmodo contained at the http://edmodo.com/dedisasmito, and (3) guide book Edmodo entitled "learning Edmodo with Easy". The development of e learning teaching materials are not limited to lithospheric material, but can be applied to other geographic materials.
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