In previous phases of this research, a design method of physical & digital modelling named Controlled Transformations was explored and evaluated with first-year architecture students, as a way to introduce students and architects to Computational Design Thinking, before using any parametric software. The paper briefly summarises the previous phases of this research, and highlights the key theoretical points which are then translated to the design method. It then extends and examines the application of the method, to teaching more complex, second-or third-year design studios. More specifically, it examines the application of this method for the design of a multi-unit housing project.
Digital fabrication technologies are changing rapidly the way we design, as any other tool would affect the way we produce space. Multi layered 3D printing is already allowing architects, designers and engineers to experiment with new design processes and new ways of production. At the same time, little research has being done in the way gradient transparency (through multiple layered surfaces) can affect the design process through computation; a field that deserves further investigation. The focus of this paper is to explore bio-inspired material finding design processes while combining biology, architecture and material science. We explore performance driven design possibilities through a study of marine animals -and specifically cephalopods-where opacity between skin layers is controlled through color pigments -while black pigments are called melanophores -which is often used as a type of camouflage. We propose a computation model that follows the logic of gradient transparency through pigments to fit complex "host surfaces". We define a "host" surface as a basic geometry on which the pigments are computed. This study provides the methodology for the design of biomimetic surfaces with gradient transparency, using controlled and computated sub geometries analogous to the melanophores pigments. We finally propose Pigment Skin, a computational design model as an example to materialize this study.
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