Background Female Pattern Hair Loss (FPHL) is one of the most common types of hair loss in women. It is characterized by progressive follicular miniaturization leading to diffuse hair thinning over the midfrontal scalp with a negative impact on quality of life. Pharmacological treatments are commonly used, and hair follicle transplantation is an option for those cases with adequate donor area. Minimally invasive procedures, such as microneedling, mesotherapy, microinfusion of drugs into the scalp with tattoo machines (MMP®), and platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) have been reported as adjuvant treatments. Aims This study aims to summarize and discuss the efficacy of minimally invasive procedures described for the management of FPHL. Methods Published articles indexed on the Pubmed database and Scopus that described minimally invasive procedures for the management of FPHL in humans were considered. Citations were reviewed and added for completeness. The search was for articles in English only. After excluding duplicate titles, 23 relevant articles were considered. Conclusion Minimally invasive procedures are promising options and may play a role in FPHL treatment. They can be used as adjunctive therapy for FPHL, in case of poor response to clinical therapy, or when patients prefer other care than the standard. We reinforce that these methods should be performed by an experienced medical professional following strict aseptic techniques. However, microneedling, mesotherapy, MMP, and PRP lack standardization and are supported by a low level of evidence yet. For the future, larger randomized clinical trials are essential to determine the efficacy and optimal protocols for these treatments.
Cicatricial alopecia (CA) encompasses a heterogeneous group of conditions characterized by the permanent destruction of hair follicles (HF), and irreversible hair loss. CA is classified in primary cicatricial alopecia (PCA) and secondary cicatricial alopecia (SCA). PCA includes multiple inflammatory diseases that primarily affect and destroy the HF. SCA is the follicular destruction caused by infections, neoplastic conditions, burns, or trauma. 1 Although SCA is a benign condition, permanent hair loss can be devastating to the patient's self-esteem. 2 Hair restoration surgery (HRS) has been used as an option for androgenetic alopecia (AGA) and stable PCA with favorable outcomes. 3,4 However, little is known about HRS for SCA, especially to affected areas other than the scalp. This paper presents three uncommon successful cases of SCA treated with HRS.A 35-year-old Caucasian man presented with SCA on the left eyebrow after a pressure injury due to prolonged hospitalization in the prone position. Follicular unit excision (FUE) was performed to harvest follicular units (FU) from the left parietal area. A total of 120 FU of one and two hairs were implanted on the eyebrow, using a 0.65 mm
Female pattern hair loss (FPHL) is the most common form of alopecia in women. FPHL may compromise body image and strongly affect self‐esteem, negatively impacting quality of life. Currently, the only Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved drug for its treatment is topical minoxidil, with a variable response rate. Recently, a few studies in FPHL have pointed out bicalutamide as an emergent selective androgen receptor antagonist with a favorable safety and tolerability profile. This review aimed to summarize and discuss the key information on this new therapy for FPHL. Bicalutamide has no diuretic effect. It does not cross the blood–brain barrier, and it has little effect on serum luteinizing hormone. Additionally, bicalutamide was found to be effective on women presenting with other features of hyperandrogenism such as seborrhea, acne, and hirsutism with mild and well‐tolerated adverse effects. Despite the high prevalence and psychosocial impairment, FPHL treatment remains challenging. Therefore, although future prospective, comparative, randomized clinical trials are essential to establish the ideal dose and efficacy of the drug, oral bicalutamide appears to be a promising option to expand the arsenal of FPHL treatment.
<b><i>Background:</i></b> Hair represents a valued aspect of human individuality. The possibility of having an easy to handle hairstyle and changing it from time to time promoted an increasing search for chemical hair transformations, including hair straightening. Hair straightening is the process used to convert curly into straight hair. <b><i>Aims:</i></b> This review aims to discuss hair straightening, addressing techniques, products, methods of application, consequences to hair shafts, recommendations on this topic, and the risks involving the safety of both the user and the performing professional. <b><i>Methods and Results:</i></b> The terms “straightening” AND “hair,” “straightening” AND “alopecia,” and “straightening” AND “human hair” were used to perform a literature search in MEDLINE through PubMed until July 15, 2020. We limited the search to articles available in English, considering those mentioning alternatives to straighten the hair. We had a total of 33 relevant articles. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> This article will help dermatologists to advise their patients, providing a more suitable orientation on how to get the best outcome without risking one’s safety.
Hair represents an important aspect of human individuality. The possibility of having an easy to handle hairstyle and changing it from time to time promoted an increasing search for chemical hair transformations, including permanent wavings (PW). PW is the chemical process used to convert straight into curly hair. Significant findings have been made in this field within the last three decades. In the past few years, PW has come back up to date, helping to define curls in wavy and curly hair and to create waves in straight hair. “Afro permanent” and “Beach waves” are some popular names for these new uses of PW. The primary safety concerns for PW generally arise from misuse or failure to comply with the product's usage instructions. Skin irritation, hair breakage, oral toxicity, sensitization, and scarring alopecia have been reported in the literature. Therefore, dermatologists need to understand well this matter to properly advise patients on how to get the best outcome without hazards. This review aims to discuss the main types of reducing agents used, the different techniques, the consequences to hair shafts, and the most important patients’ recommendations on this topic.
Dissecting cellulitis (DC) is a chronic inflammatory primary neutrophilic scarring alopecia. It predominantly affects the vertex and occipital regions of Afro-descendent men.Female DC is uncommon, and little is known about this condition in childhood. This paper reports a pediatric female case of DC with an excellent therapeutic response to low-dose oral isotretinoin.Dissecting cellulitis (DC) is a chronic inflammatory primary neutrophilic scarring alopecia 1 with uncertain etiopathogenesis and possible genetic influence that may be triggered by environmental factors. 2 It predominantly affects the vertex and occipital regions of Afro-descendent men. 1,2 Female DC is uncommon, and little is known about this condition in childhood. 3 Clinical findings vary according to
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