Objective To report long‐term outcomes of dogs treated with pantarsal arthrodesis (PTA) with medial plate fixation without external coaptation. Study design Retrospective case series. Animals Client‐owned dogs (n = 30). Methods Medical records of dogs that had undergone a PTA with a medially applied plate without adjunctive rigid external coaptation were reviewed. Data collected included signalment, complications, and assessment of function at last physical examination. Follow‐up information was obtained by phone conversations with owners. Complications were classified as minor, major II, major I, and catastrophic. Results Thirty‐six PTA were performed in 30 dogs. Recorded complications included eight (22.2%) minor complications, 11 (30.6%) major II complications and 11 (30.6%) major I complications. One (2.8%) dog required amputation because of catastrophic complication. Owners provided follow‐up for 26 dogs at a median duration of 1215 days (range, 325‐3495) after surgery. The outcome was reported as full function in 12 dogs and acceptable function in 14 dogs, with no owners reporting unacceptable function. The owner of the dog in which amputation was required was not contacted. Incorrect contact details prevented owner follow‐up in the other three dogs, but all had acceptable function at last veterinary follow up. Conclusion Dogs treated with PTA by medially applied plate had a high incidence of complications requiring surgical or medical management, although full or acceptable function was achieved in 29 of 30 dogs. Clinical significance: Pantarsal arthrodesis offers a predictably good medium to long‐term outcome in spite of a high risk of complications.
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the repeatability and reproducibility of two different pressure-sensitive walkway calibration protocols, while collecting gait data from a heterogenous group of dogs. Study Design Fourteen dogs were walked across a high-definition pressure-sensitive walkway (Tekscan Strideway HRSW3) to obtain five valid trials from each dog. Two different calibration protocols were created following manufacturer recommendations: human step and phantom step using a custom-built three-legged device. Each calibration protocol was repeated five times, by three different operators, and then individually applied to the raw canine gait data. The software then automatically generated values for peak vertical force, vertical impulse and peak pressure for each trial. Results To control for the different bodyweight of the dogs, forces are reported as a percentage of bodyweight. Values for peak vertical force percentage of bodyweight, vertical impulse percentage of bodyweight and peak pressure were significantly different between calibration protocols, but the results were linearly correlated. Both calibration protocols were highly repeatable and highly reproducible. Conclusions Both the step and phantom calibration protocols individually generated highly repeatable and reproducible results, which were not affected by different operators. A linear correlation was identified which may make it possible to apply a correction factor to enable comparison of results between different studies.
Increased central pain sensitisation has been identified in dogs with chronic conditions such as hip osteoarthritis (OA) and intervertebral disc disease, however no studies have yet been performed to document its presence in dogs with elbow OA. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible presence of central pain sensitisation in the forelimbs of dogs with elbow OA by testing sensory thresholds using an electronic von Frey aesthesiometer. MethodsTwenty-eight medium and large breed dogs were enrolled in the study: 14 dogs with radiographic and/or clinical evidence of elbow OA and 14 clinically normal dogs. Ten von Frey measurements were taken, 5 from each carpal pad, with the dog standing. A maximum load of 400 g was set and approved by ethical committee. Data were were analysed using nonparametric tests; significance level (α) was set at 0.05.
A 13-year-old female neutered domestic longhair cat was presented for intermittent, selflimiting episodes of laboured breathing and wheezing and also vocalising, coughing, retching, vomiting and inappetence. Abdominal ultrasound and thoracic radiographs revealed a peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia (PPDH), and the cat was referred for further investigations and surgical treatment. Computed tomography (CT) of the thorax confirmed the presence of a large PPDH and individuated the existence of a heterogeneous mass lesion in the caudal mediastinum. Additionally, there were disseminated lesions affecting multiple organs, numerous skeletal muscles, and several lymph nodes. On the basis of these findings and a likely neoplastic cause, the owner elected to have the cat euthanised. Postmortem examination and histopathological analysis revealed the presence of a pulmonary adenocarcinoma, invading and compressing the distal part of the oesophagus and a large bronchus, and likely representing the cause of the patient's main clinical signs.
An eight-year-old male entire springer spaniel diagnosed with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the urinary bladder apex underwent partial, full-thickness cystectomy and the mass was excised completely with 1 cm of clear histological margins.Chemotherapy was initiated three months after surgery when ultrasound revealed probable early recurrence at the surgical site. Three doses of carboplatin were administered, but progressive disease was identified. Complete ultrasonographic response to vinblastine was noted after six treatments.Five months after commencing chemotherapy, a persistent right thoracic limb lameness was noted. Radiographs revealed a lesion on the distal right radius that, despite a smooth periosteal reaction, had subtle features of malignancy. Fine needle aspirates of the lesion were consistent with metastatic TCC, and the patient was euthanased. There was no detectable neoplasia elsewhere.
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