Background This survey was performed to draw information on pain prevalence, intensity, and management from a sample of patients who were admitted to an oncologic center where a palliative care unit (PCU) has been established for 13 years. Methods Cross-sectional survey in an oncological department performed 1 day per month for six consecutive months.

Background: In the context of extragenital endometriosis, the gastrointestinal, urinary tract, abdominal wall, and thorax localizations are considered relatively frequent, while the umbilical, inguinal, sciatic nerve, liver, and pancreas are instead "rare". Methods: Online searches were carried out in PubMed database of the last 20 years for these terms: extragenital endometriosis, umbilical endometriosis, inguinal endometriosis, sciatic nerve endometriosis, hepatic and pancreatic endometriosis. The following exclusion criteria were used:(1) Personal surgical history unspecified. (2) Nonspecific histological diagnosis for each type of endometriosis examined. (3) Inability to distinguish between the personal series of the author and the case reports described. (4) Proceedings of scientific meetings were not included. Tables that are easy to consult were compiled. Results: 810 titles were found among which 162 studies were selected for reading in full text and finally 114 papers were included, which met the objective of the revision. The so-called "rare" forms of extragenital endometriosis show an unsuspected frequency, an extreme variability of presentation, and uncertain treatment guidelines. Discussion: Gynecologists, general surgeons, and neurologists should be well acquainted with these pathologies to avoid confusing diagnostic paths and to set up adequate therapies.

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To investigate the clinical appearance and morphologic and ultrastructural aspects of the mucosa of the peritoneal neovagina after laparoscopic Davydov neovaginoplasty in patients with Mayer-Rokitansky-K€ uster-Hauser syndrome. Design: The study group was a prospective, observational, experimental cohort of cases treated in the same institution between 2015 and 2019. Patients were followed up at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery and then every 12 months. Setting: Single-center academic institution and teaching hospital in Milan, Italy.Patients: Fifty-one consecutive subjects with clinical and imaging diagnosis of Mayer-Rokitansky-K€ uster-Hauser syndrome surgically treated by the same team and postoperatively followed. Interventions: All the subjects underwent the same standardized surgical procedure and thereafter were followed up at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery and then every 12 months; a minimum follow-up of 12 months was achieved in all cases. Vaginoscopy and Schiller test were performed at each follow-up visit, and a biopsy specimen of the neovagina was obtained in a limited number of patients (6 out of 51) for light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of the tissue. Measurements and Main Results: In vaginoscopy, the neovaginal mucosa appeared homogeneous, smooth, and pink all along the neovaginal tract; the Schiller test detected iodine positivity at different degrees of extension upward from the hymenal ring, starting at 3 months postoperatively with almost complete positivity between 6 to 12 months in all cases. LM demonstrated adequate thickness and differentiation of the new mucosa along with the presence of glycogen storage; SEM revealed an ultrastructural surface appearance very close to normality. The main difference compared with a normal vagina was the reduced presence of vaginal mucosal folds. Conclusion: Under different techniques (vaginoscopy, Schiller test, LM, and SEM), a minimum of 6 months after surgery, the peritoneal neovagina epithelium showed aspects comparable to the natal mucosa of the vagina.