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The application of quark models to the spectra and strong and electromagnetic couplings of baryons is reviewed. This review focuses on calculations which attempt a global description of the masses and decay properties of baryons, although recent developments in applying large Nc QCD and lattice QCD to the baryon spectrum are described. After outlining the conventional onegluon-exchange picture, models which consider extensions to this approach are contrasted with dynamical quark models based on Goldstone-boson exchange and an algebraic collective-excitation approach. The spectra and electromagnetic and strong couplings that result from these models are compared with the quantities extracted from the data and each other, and the impact of various model assumptions on these properties is emphasized. Prospects for the resolution of the important issues raised by these comparisons are discussed.

We examine the decays of nonstrange baryons to the final states ∆π, N ρ, N η, N η ′ , N ω, N 1 2 + (1440)π, and ∆ 3 2 + (1600)π, in a relativized pair-creation ( 3 P 0 ) model which has been developed in a previous study of the N π decays of the same baryon states. As it is our goal to provide a guide for the possible discovery of new baryon states at CEBAF and elsewhere, we examine the decays of resonances which have already been seen in the partial-wave analyses, along with those of states which are predicted by the quark model but which remain undiscovered. The level of agreement between our calculation and the available widths from the partial-wave analyses is encouraging.

Current matrix elements and observables for electro-and photo-excitation of baryons from the nucleon are studied in a light-front framework. Relativistic effects are estimated by comparison to a nonrelativistic model, where we use simple basis states to represent the baryon wavefunctions. Sizeable relativistic effects are found for certain transitions, for example, to radial excitations such as that conventionally used to describe to the Roper resonance. A systematic study shows that the violation of rotational covariance of the baryon transition matrix elements stemming from the use of one-body currents is generally small. * Submitted to Phys Rev D. † Present address. ‡ Permanent address.