The continued development of large high speed ships, often constructed from aluminium alloy, has raised important issues regarding the response of lightweight hull girders under primary hull girder bending. In particular, the response of lightly framed panels in compression may be influenced by overall panel buckling over several frame spaces. Therefore, to provide improved ultimate strength prediction for lightweight vessels, an extended progressive collapse methodology is proposed. The method has capabilities to predict the strength of a lightweight aluminium midship section including compartment level buckling modes. Nonlinear finite element analysis is used to validate the extended progressive collapse methodology.

The impurities present in carbon dioxide (CO2) streams for Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) schemes are extremely important for CO2 pipeline and ship transportation affecting, for instance, the range of operation, safety considerations, fracture, cracking, corrosion control, dispersion in the event of a release, fluid density, operating pressure and temperature and the quantity of CO2 that can be transported. The range and levels of potential impurities present in captured CO2 from CO2 capture facilities will differ between sources and also between the capture technologies installed at the CO2 emission sources. However, the potential CO2 specifications that could enter the transport and storage systems, particularly from industrial sources, remain relatively under-researched. Consequently, the effect of these potential impurities in CO2 streams on CO2 transportation also needs to be understood. This paper summarises the main findings of an IEAGHG study, “Impact of CO2 Impurity on CO2 Compression, Liquefaction and Transportation”, commissioned to identify potential impurities and address the consequences of their impact on CO2 transportation

In recent years, the anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody daratumumab (Darzalex; JanssenCilag Pty Ltd) has been shown to be highly efficacious in relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma, with the final results of treatment in newly diagnosed patients awaited. Despite awareness of the potential interference of daratumumab in pre-transfusion immunohaematology testing during phase I and II clinical studies, there was a degree of unpreparedness in the community upon the introduction of this drug into the clinics, particularly the impact that it has on the operational processes in hospital transfusion laboratories and timely issue of red blood cells (RBCs). Anti-CD38 interference in pre-transfusion immunohaematology tests is a particular problem in patients being treated with daratumumab for multiple myeloma as many will require RBC transfusions during their disease treatment. Panagglutination caused by anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody during the indirect antiglobulin test may mask the presence of a clinically significant RBC alloantibody in the patient's plasma during the antibody screen and identification process, which may be overlooked, particularly in urgent situations, subsequently resulting in a delayed or acute haemolytic transfusion reaction. Here, we summarise daratumumab's effects on pre-transfusion immunohaematology testing and its impact on clinical practice and make practical recommendations based on a consensus from medical and scientific transfusion experts and myeloma specialists on behalf of the Australian and New Zealand Society of Blood Transfusion and Myeloma Scientific Advisory Group to Myeloma Australia, respectively.

The nonlinear stress-strain relationship of a thin plate or stiffened panel under in-plane load is represented by a load-shortening curve. The curves are used to evaluate the buckling and ultimate collapse behaviour of these structural elements, and furthermore forming the input data to analytical progressive collapse methods for large scale box girder structures such as ships. This paper develops a novel analytical method that predicts the load-shortening curve of plates and stiffened panels under cyclic in-plane load. This provides the framework to account for load reversals in an enhanced cyclic progressive collapse method. A parametric study using nonlinear finite element analysis is completed to investigate the characteristic behaviour of simply supported plates under cyclic compression and tension. The investigation covers a range of aspect ratios and slenderness ratios typical for ship-type structures. Single-cycle and ten-cycle loading protocols are applied, which demonstrate progressive reduction in strength and stiffness together with a response convergence after several cycles. An analytical method to predict multi-cycle load-shortening behaviour is then derived using a response and updating rule based on the observed characteristics from the parametric study. A validation of the analytical method is performed on a range of unstiffened plates and stiffened panels under various cyclic loading protocols. A good comparison with the results of finite element analysis is obtained, which confirms the validity of the proposed analytical method.

Part III of this three-part paper about CARDIFRC 1 , a class of high performance short steel fibre-reinforced cementitious composites (HPFRCCs), deals with the measurement of the tensile response of CARDIFRC 1 mixes on a specially developed specimen geometry and loading arrangement. It also compares the measured mechanical properties (Young's modulus, E, compressive strength, f c , tensile strength, f t , specific fracture energy, G F ) with the theoretically predicted values using micromechanical relations.