We demonstrate the generation of versatile mode-locked patterns in fiber laser with the saturable absorber (SA) based on gold nanorods (GNRs). The GNRs were synthesized by the seed-mediated growth method, and then were encased with silica in order to improve their photo-thermal stability. The silica-encased GNRs (GNRs@SiO 2 ) SA presents a modulation depth of 3.9% and nonsaturable loss of 29.7% through a balanced twin detector measurement technique. Using the SA with high nonlinearity and excellent saturable absorption in the fiber laser cavity, versatile mode-locked patterns such as fundamental mode-locked soliton, harmonic soliton, dual-wavelength bound soliton, and soliton bundle can be achieved. The experimental results indicate that the GNRs@SiO 2 could be a promising nonlinear optical material for potential applications in the field of ultrafast photonics.
We report on the observation of diverse structural bound-state patterns in a fiber laser mode-locked by nonlinear polarization rotation. By boosting the pump power, bound states with fixed soliton separation can be observed, where the soliton number inside the bound states increases from two solitons to 14 solitons. Apart from the aforementioned bound states with regular triangular autocorrelation envelopes, bound states with a compound soliton structure are also obtained, typically including the (2 + 2)-type, (2 + 2 + 2)-type, (2 + 1)-type, and (3 + 1)-type bound states. Additionally, numerical simulations are implemented to confirm the fine structure of the bound states.
We report on the generation of dispersion-managed dissipative soliton and various structural soliton molecules from a slight-normal dispersion fiber laser. The laser was capable of generating 56.5 nm broad dissipative solitons with quasi-rectangular spectral profile. Furthermore, the broadest top-flat spectrum with up to 71.4 nm bandwidth was achieved in the noise-like pulse regime, operating in the 1542-1613.4 nm. More importantly, by manipulating the laser cavity parameters, various types of soliton molecules, including conventional and unusual structural soliton molecules, were observed in fiber laser. The soliton molecules exhibit different features in autocorrelation traces, which are found to be related to soliton number, soliton intensity and soliton separation within the soliton molecules. The results contribute to enriching the soliton dynamics in the fiber lasers in the slight-normal dispersion regime.
We report on the wavelength-switchable operation of multiple solitons and dissipative soliton resonance (DSR) in C- and L-band fiber lasers. Mode-locking operations can be alternatively switched between 1565 nm and 1604 nm with adjustments to the polarization controller. Through controlling the intracavity filtering effect, tunable operations have been observed from 1563.7 nm to 1574.6 nm and from 1600.3 nm to 1605.7 nm. More importantly, the fiber laser operated at the 1565 nm waveband tended to generate multiple solitons, whereas one operated at the 1604 nm waveband tended to generate a rectangular DSR. Our investigations may contribute to understanding complex soliton dynamics in fiber lasers.
Multi-wavelength square pulses are generated in the dissipative soliton resonance (DSR) regime by a Yb-doped fiber laser (YDFL) with a long cavity configuration. The spectral filter effect provided by a passive fiber with low-stress birefringence facilitates the establishment of multi-wavelength operation. Through appropriate control of the cavity parameters, a multi-wavelength DSR pulse can be generated in single- and dual-waveband regions. When the multi-wavelength DSR works in the 1038 nm waveband, the pulse duration can broaden from 2 ns to 37.7 ns. The maximum intra-cavity pulse energy is 152.7 nJ. When the DSR works in the 1038 nm and 1080 nm wavebands, the pulse duration can be tuned from 2.3 ns to 10.5 ns with rising pump power. The emergence of the 1080 nm waveband is attributed to the stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) effect. Our work might help a deeper insight to be gained into DSR pulses in all-normal-dispersion YDFLs.
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