Enhydra fluctuans, a popular vegetable in Bangladesh, is used in folk medicine to treat diseases of the nervous system. The objective of this study was to investigate the phytochemical profile and cholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant potential of the extracts of E. fluctuans. Among the four tested extracts, the chloroform extract was found to exert the highest inhibition against both the acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase enzymes with the IC50 (concentration required for 50% inhibition) values of 83.90 μg/mL and 48.14 μg/mL, respectively. Likewise, the chloroform extract showed the highest radical scavenging activity and reducing power. In DPPH radical scavenging assay, the IC50 value was found to be 113.27 μg/mL, and in reducing power assay, the absorbance was found to be 1.916 at a concentration of 50 μg/mL. Phytochemical analyses revealed that the chloroform extract contained 19.16 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g extract of phenolics and 41.84 mg catechin equivalent (CE)/g extract of flavonoids, which appeared to be the highest among the extracts. A significant correlation was observed between phenolic content and butyrylcholinesterase inhibition and antioxidant activity, while a moderate correlation was seen between flavonoid content and cholinesterase inhibition and antioxidant activity. These findings suggest that E. fluctuans is a natural source of cholinesterase inhibitors and antioxidants, which could be utilized as functional foods for Alzheimer’s disease management.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder of the elderly people. Cholinergic dysfunction and oxidative stress have been found to be related with the development of the disease. Typhonium trilobatum L. Scott has been used traditionally in folk medicine as a central nervous system stimulant. In this study, we have investigated the various extracts of T. trilobatum for acetylcholinesterase and antioxidant activities in vitro. All the tested extracts exhibited inhibition against acetylcholinesterase. Petroleum ether extract exhibited the highest inhibition with an IC50 of 255.26 g/ml. Likewise all the extracts were found to possess antioxidant activity. In reducing power assay, petroleum ether extract showed the highest reducing power with an absorbance of 0.874 at 0.1 mg/ml concentration and in DPPH radical scavenging assay, chloroform extract exhibited the highest scavenging activity with an IC50 of 619.54 µg/ml. Phytochemical analyses of the four extracts revealed that the ethyl acetate extract contained the highest amount of flavonoids and petroleum ether had the highest amount of phenolics. These results suggest that T. trilobatum has both antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibitory activities, which may be useful in reducing the risk of AD. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 22(1): 92-98, 2019
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