Context: The skin is the most important organ of the body, and maintaining its integrity is important for health. Severe skin damage is life-threatening, and wound healing restores its integrity. One of the main health problems is impaired cutaneous wound healing. According to the importance of wound healing and the fact that unrepaired skin decreases the quality of life, many studies have investigated the effect of some natural and chemical substances on the length and quality of wound healing to find beneficial interventions for rapid and economical treatment. Objectives: This review was conducted to describe the physiology of cutaneous wound healing and some positive and negative factors affecting it with a focus on exercise. Methods: An electronic search without any time limitation was performed on the PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases. The keywords were ‘wound’, ‘healing’, and ‘exercise’. Finally, according to the similarities or differences between the results and the relationship with the subject, 53 papers were selected and reviewed. Results: Wound healing is a complex physiological process with four overlapping processes. It seems that disturbance in the inflammatory phase of wound healing is the main factor in the impairment of healing. Traditionally, many chemical and herbal medicines and compounds have been used to speed up wound recovery due to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties. Many studies have evaluated the effect of exercise, as complementary medicine, on wound healing, and they have examined the effect of different protocols of exercise on the speed of wound healing. According to the results of these studies, aerobic exercise, due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects, is a beneficial method in shortening the length of healing, especially in aged, obese, and diabetic individuals. Conclusions: Exercise as a low-cost intervention is a good strategy in the treatment of impaired and chronic wounds.
Introduction: Evidence suggests that hypoxia and high-intensity exercise training can increase apoptosis of lung cells and Adiantum capillus-veneris (Ac-v) extract can have anti-apoptotic effects. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of chronic hypoxia and the (Ac-v) extraction as a supplement on TNF-a and P53 protein expression as well as the respiratory surface. Material and methods: 24 healthy Wistar rats (age = 4 weeks, weight = 72 = 9 gr) were trained using interval training for 6 weeks followed by a 3-week stay in hypoxia conditions. Half of the hypoxia samples received 500 ml/gr/per body weight daily (Ac-v) within 3 weeks of hypoxia. At the end, the lung tissue was removed for histological and immunohistological analysis. Results: After 3 weeks of hypoxia exposure following 6 weeks of exercise, expression of P53 and TNF-a increased and the respiratory surface decreased (p ≤ 0.05). After 3 weeks of taking the Ac-v extract during hypoxia exposure, reduced P53 and TNF-a expression and the increased respiratory surface were observed (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: Chronic hypoxia may be considered as a strong stimulus leading to the expression of proteins involved in apoptosis and tissue disruption. However, our findings suggest that the antioxidative properties of Ac-v extract could decrease the destructive structural and molecular events that happen along with hypoxia exposure or intense exercise training.
Background and Aim:Apoptosis is a type of programmed cell death occurring by a series of intercellular messages which is associated with tissue structure remodeling. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the interactive effects of reducing exercise intensity and Adiantum capillus veneris extract on remodeling and modulation of pulmonary apoptotic indices of the rats exposed to the hypoxia. Material and Methods: This study included 16 male Wistar rats. After 6 weeks of high intensity interval training, the rats were kept in a hypoxic environment for 3 weeks. In hypoxic environment, half of the rats performed interval training and taper and received 500 mg/kg of Adiantum capillus veneris extract. Finally, lung tissue was extracted for immunohistochemical and stereology studies. Results: 3 weeks of simultaneous exercise intensity and taper and Adiantum capillus veneris extract consumption in the hypoxia group led to decreased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio(p<0.05) and nematocytes-2 population (p>0.05), compared to increased alveolar nematocytes-1 population in the hypoxia group (p<0.05 ). Conclusion:The results of this study showed that simultaneous use of exercise intensity and taper and consumption of Adiantum capillus veneris extract is effective in decreasing apoptosis and remodeling of Alveolar epithelial cells after high intensity interval training and exposure to hypoxia.
xercise during Pregnancy is a simple and effective intervention to promote maternal and infant health. Despite recommendations, due to concerns about the potential adverse effects of exercise on fetal health, observations show pregnant women reduce the intensity and duration of their physical activity. They tend to do light activities that think are less harmful to their child. Awareness of the safety of exercise on the fetus's health reduces the mother's stress and increases her desire to exercise. There is a direct relationship between adherence and willingness to exercise during pregnancy and consultation with knowledgeable professionals. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of exercise during pregnancy on placental function and fetal health. The findings indicate that the effect of exercise on the placenta and fetus depends on the type, frequency, intensity, and duration of exercise as well as the time of pregnancy that exercise has been done. Despite the differences in the design of protocol of training in studies, so far there is no report on the negative impact of exercise on fetal health and most studies emphasize its usefulness. The effect of exercise varies according to the type, frequency, duration, intensity of exercise, the level of the mother physical fitness and the time of pregnancy when exercise is performed. One of the most important concerns about exercise in pregnancy is the potential of its negative impact on fetal growth. This concern has led to the widespread study that investigated the effects of exercise on uterine blood flow during pregnancy. The studies show moderate-intensity physical activity does not alter fetal blood flow and has no bad effect on fetal growth. Prolonged exercise is accompanied by a relatively slight decrease in maternal blood oxygen, but measurement of fetal metabolism, cardiovascular hemodynamic and blood catecholamine E Exercise should be considered as the front line of necessary measures to reduce pregnancy complications and increase the physical health of mother and child. Women reduce the intensity and duration of their physical activity due to concerns about the possibility of physical adverse effects on fetal health. Awareness of not harming the fetus through exercise reduces the mother's stress and increases her desire to exercise. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of pregnancy exercise on placental and fetal health and function. Findings indicate that the effect of exercise depends on the type, frequency, intensity and duration of exercise as well as the time of exercise during pregnancy. Despite the differences in the design of studies, so far there is no report on the negative impact of exercise on fetal health. Most studies emphasize the benefits of exercise by increasing lean mass and decreasing fat mass, reducing basal heart rate, and increasing fetal heart rate variability, and believe that exercise is also effective in future child health. Due to the positive effect of exercise on fetal health, in the absence of obstetric pro...
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